清代黄河青海段的会哨与地方治理

The Relationship between Patrol and Social Management in Qinghai Reaches of the Yellow River in the Qing Dynasty

清代黄河青海段的会哨,在于遏止黄河以南的部分藏族部落为觅水草而逾河北抢掠蒙古,实现助蒙古自保的目的。清廷在统一认识的基础上,依据河水结冰与融化的季节特征,择地安设防所,适时增减兵员,调整游巡路线,实行恩赏重用,完善章程,筹措经费,一改官兵与蒙古协防而为官兵与蒙藏协同会哨,一定程度上起到了解决社会纷争和改善地方族群关系的作用。会哨防务最终在以谋求生计的刚咱等藏族部落移居河北环湖地区而全行裁撤。

In the Qing Dynasty,in order to obtain new pasture,some Tibetan tribes living in the south of Qinghai reaches of the Yellow River often crossed river to rob Mongolia.So government began to set up patrol in the area for stopping robbery and defending Mongolia.After unifying opinions,much measures had been implemented by according to the seasonal characteristics of river freezing and melting.These included setting up defense stations,adjusted the number of patrol soldiers and route,reward and recruitment,improved the constitution and raised funds.It played a role in solving social disputes and improving tribe relations.Until Xianfeng reign,because of the Gangza tribe moving to the Qinghai Lake,the patrol was abolished.