唐代高僧道深及廓州法讲寺关联问题新探

A New Exploration into the Relationship between the DaoShen(Eminent Monk)and the Fajiang Buddhist Temple of Kuozhou in the Tang Dynasty

玄奘译经开创新纪元,除却玄奘个人光辉外,还在于组织规范、制度完备的译场建立,以及大批梵汉兼通、洞晓经论的助译僧倾力襄助。玄奘译场助译僧在史籍中无完整记载,学界也鲜有研究,但入选译场者均为谙解经论、享有盛名的高僧大德。河湟地区廓州法讲寺高僧道深,作为从全国征选的12名"证义大德"之一入选译场,为襄助玄奘翻译佛典作出了重要贡献。但因史料记载匮乏,道深生平及译经事迹未引起关注,对其驻锡寺院廓州法讲寺的地理位置历来也多有分歧。在深入挖掘史料的基础上,本文对河湟高僧道深法师襄助玄奘译经事迹进行了考述,并根据廓州历史变迁,对其驻锡寺院法讲寺进行了考证,认为法讲寺曾在隋朝敕建仁寿舍利塔,所以寺址应位于隋朝旧廓州的青海省贵德县。虽然唐武德二年(619年)廓州移治青海化隆县,但法讲寺不能随治所迁移,应始终在贵德县。

XuanZang’s translation of scriptures created a new era.In addition to his personal brilliance,it not only lied in the founding of a standardized system of translation venues,but also the help of a large number of assisstant translation monks who were both exceled in Sanskrit and Chinese.There was no complete record of the assistant translation monks in the historical records,and there was little research in the academic circles,either.However,the selected translators were all eminent monks who were familiar with the theory of interpreting scriptures and enjoyed a great reputation,which deserves our attention.As one of the 12"great moralities of righteousness"selected from the whole country,DaoShen was recommended to XuanZang translation center and made an essential contribution to the Buddhist scriptures.However,on account of the lack of historical records,DaoShen’s life and translation of scriptures have not attracted much attention,and there have been many differences on the geographical location of FaJiang Temple.After probing into historical materials,this paper did textual research on Fajiang Temple.It is firmly believed that Fajiang Temple was located in Guide county of Qinghai Province.