河北省2013—2017年疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

Surveillance of adverse events following immunization in Hebei province,2013-2017

目的了解河北省2013—2017年疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价所用疫苗的安全性和预防接种服务工作质量。方法采用描述性流行病学方法分析河北省2013—2017年AEFI数据。结果河北省2013—2017年报告AEFI病例57028例,年均报告发生率为44.48/10万剂。男女性别比为1.33∶1,集中在1岁年龄组,报告时间集中在夏、秋两季;绝大多数AEFI报告已痊愈或好转,约85%的不良反应报告发生在接种后24 h内。一般反应、异常反应报告分别占97.56%、2.00%。AEFI报告发生率较高的疫苗是无细胞百白破联合疫苗(diphtheria,tetanus and acellular pertussis combined vaccine,DTaP)(189.91/10万剂)、23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗(23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine,PPV23)(182.45/10万剂)和无细胞百白破-灭活脊灰-b型流感嗜血杆菌联合疫苗(diphtheria,tetanus and acellular pertussis,inactivated poliomyelitis and Haemophilus influenza type b conjugate combined vaccine,DTaP-IPV-Hib)(150.67/10万剂)。过敏性皮疹(5.48/10万剂)是报告发生率最高的异常反应类型。结论河北省2013—2017年AEFI监测工作质量逐年提高,所用疫苗安全性良好。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of adverse events following immunization(AEFI)in Hebei province from 2013 to 2017,and to evaluate the safety of vaccines and the quality of immunization service.Methods Descriptive epidemiology method was used to analyze the data about AEFI in Hebei province from 2013 to 2017.Results A total of 57,028 AEFI cases were reported in Hebei province in 2013-2017,and the average annual reported incidence rate was 44.48 per 100,000 doses.The male-to-female ratio was 1.33∶1.Most of the AEFI cases were children aged 1 year,and were reported in summer and autumn.The majority of the AEFI cases were reported to be recovered or improved,and about 85%of the AEFI cases occurred within 24 hours after vaccination.General reactions and rare reactions accounted for 97.56%and 2.00%,respectively.Vaccines associated with higher reported rates of AEFI included diphtheria,tetanus and acellular pertussis combined vaccine(189.91 per 100,000 doses),23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine(182.45 per 100,000 doses),and DTaP-IPV-Hib(diphtheria,tetanus and acellular pertussis,inactivated poliomyelitis and Haemophilus influenza type b conjugate combined vaccine)(150.67 per 100,000 doses).The reported incidence rate of allergic rash was found to be the highest in the adverse reactions(5.48 per 100,000 doses).Conclusions The quality of AEFI surveillance in Hebei province during 2013-2017 was gradually improved,and the safety of the vaccines used was good.