变压器双层多线声源等效模型的建立与研究

Establishment and Research on Equivalent Model of Transformer Double-layer Multi-line Sound Source

变电站噪声存在传播距离远、传播过程中干涉现象明显等特点,导致商业噪声软件的预测值与实测结果常出现不符的情况,使得工程投运后会出现厂界噪声超标现象。为解决此问题,基于有限元-边界元(Finite Element Method-Boundary Element Method,FEM-BEM)耦合理论,使用有限元仿真软件COMSOL对变压器声源特性及声源等效模型建立方法展开研究。提出一种通过设置双层多线声源的方法建立变压器声源等效模型。通过对声源模型及其传播模型对比实测数据进行研究分析,可发现在距离变压器立面距离5 m之外,仿真噪声衰减数据与实测噪声衰减平均数据的误差基本控制在3 dB以内。本模型可精准预测变电站噪声衰减,为特高压输变电工程的进一步精细化设计提供了理论依据和方法指导。

The noise of substation features long-distance propagation and obvious interference during the propagation process.As a result,the predicted value of the commercial noise software often does not match the actual measurement results,leading to the situation that noise exceeds factory boundary after a project is put into operation.Therefore,this paper applied the finite element simulation software COMSOL to study the characteristics of the transformer sound source.Based on the Finite Element Method-Boundary Element Method(FEM-BEM)coupling theory,this paper proposed an equivalent model of transformer sound source by setting up a double-layer multi-line sound source.Through research and analysis of the sound source model and its propagation model,we found that the error between the simulated noise attenuation data and the measured noise attenuation average data is basically controlled within 3 dB over 5 m from the transformer facade.The proposed model accurately predicts the noise attenuation of substations,providing theoretical basis and method guidance for the further refined design of UHV transmission and transformation projects.