规范幼儿教师流动:——一个关于事业编制角色的解释框架

Regulating the Turnover of Preschool Teachers:An Interpretative Framework for the Role of Staffing of Government Affiliated Institutions

幼儿教师流动无疑影响着学前教育供给的质量与稳定。从理论的逻辑看,幼儿教师流动较为广泛地通过激励—保健理论、推拉理论、组织承诺理论进行诠释,呈现出事业编制的保健、停泊、组织特质;从实践的逻辑看,幼儿教师流动的动因是以事业编制为先,存在着从“无编制”幼儿园向“有编制”幼儿园的正向流动和从“有编制”幼儿园向薄弱农村幼儿园的反向流动。研究发现,事业编制在幼儿教师正向与反向流动中扮演着重要角色。由此,地方政府应精准投放事业编制,推动以财政编制替代事业编制,提高事业编制教师流动补偿待遇,提升非编制教师组织依存感,是规范幼儿教师流动的有效路径。

The turnover of preschool teachers undoubtedly influences the quality and stability of preschool education supply.From the theoretical point of view,it is influenced by economic,psychological and organizational factors based on Motivation-Hygiene Theory,Push-Pull Theory and Organizational Commitment Theory,taking on such features as hygiene,and organization;from the practical point of view,the preschool teacher turnover is based on staffing system of government affiliated institutions,i.e.,the positive flow from non-government affiliated kindergartens to government affiliated kindergartens,and the reverse flow from established kindergartens to weak rural kindergartens.Hence,measures to be taken to regulate preschool teachers'turnover are suggested as follows:precise deployment of the staffing of government affiliated institutions,promoting financial staffing,increasing compensation for the turnover of teacher staff in government affiliated kindergartens,and enhancing organizational dependence of non-staffing teachers.