抗阻运动对海洛因成瘾者心理渴求及诱发因素的影响

A dose-responsedffect of resistance exercise on cravings and inducing factors in heroin dependent individuals

目的:探究抗阻运动对海洛因成瘾者的心理渴求及其诱发因素的影响及最佳运动强度,为制定降低海洛因成瘾者心理渴求的运动处方提供参考。方法:104名海洛因成瘾者随机分成低强度组、中等强度组、高强度组的抗阻运动组和对照组。在运动前后等时刻点完成视觉模拟量表、中文情绪形容词检测表及点探测任务的测试。结果:从运动中至运动后40min,高强度抗阻运动显著减缓心理渴求(P<0.01);运动后即刻,高强度和中等强度抗阻运动均显著增强愉快与兴奋情绪(P<0.05);运动后,高强度和中等强度抗阻运动均显著改善注意偏向能力(P<0.05)。通过趋势分析发现,抗阻运动的强度与海洛因成瘾者心理渴求、愉快与兴奋情绪得分和注意偏向得分的改变量之间均存在显著的线性趋势(P<0.05)。结论:不同强度的抗阻运动均能有效减缓海洛因成瘾者心理渴求,表现为增强正性情绪和改善注意偏向,其中高强度抗阻运动的减缓效果更佳。

Objective:To determine the dose-response effect of resistance exercise on heroin cravings and inducing factors in heroin dependent individuals.Method:The randomized controlled trial design was used.104 male individuals with heroin dependent were recruited.The participants were randomly assigned to four groups:low intensity group,moderate intensity group,high intensity group and control group.The participants then tested the Visual Analog Scales,Chinese Mood Adjective Check List and the dot probe task during pre-and postexercise.Results:The change in cravings of the high intensity group was more than that of the other three groups during exercise,immediately after exercise and 40 minutes after exercise(P<0.05);The change of Happy and Excited scores in high intensity group and moderate intensity group were significantly greater than that in control group immediately after exercise(P<0.05);Compared with the control group,the scores of attentional bias in high intensity group and moderate intensity group had significantly greater changes after exercise(P<0.05).A linear trend was found for the dose-response relationship between exercise intensity and the changes of cravings,emotional status and attentional bias(P<0.05).Conclusions:Acute high intensity resistance exercise may provide greater effects for heroin dependent individuals.