上海市高校教师身体成分、骨密度特征分析

Analysis on the characteristics of body composition and bone mineral density of universities’teachers in Shanghai

目的:了解上海市高校教师的身体成分、骨密度状况及它们之间的相关性,为促进高校教师的体质健康提供参考。方法:采用整群分层抽样的方法,选取上海市8所大学的7975名教师(其中男性4700人,女性3275人),覆盖年龄段为20~79岁,并按照年龄进行分组,每10岁为一组,进行身体成分、骨密度检测。结果:在60岁之前,男女教师的体脂率都是随着年龄的增长而显著增加(P<0.01),而且在同一年龄段的女教师体脂率都显著高于男教师(P<0.01);女教师的BMI指数一直在随着年龄的增长而显著增加(P<0.01),而男教师的BMI指数在40岁之后基本保持稳定,而且同一年龄段,女教师的BMI指数显著低于男教师(P<0.01)。男女教师的骨密度T值在60岁之前均随着年龄的增长而显著下降(P<0.01),60岁之后,女教师的骨密度T值则开始急剧下降,而男教师的骨密度T值则出现一定的回升。在60岁之前,女教师的骨密度T值显著高于同年龄段的男教师(P<0.01)。70岁之前,女教师的骨质疏松检出率少于同年龄段的男教师。30~39岁年龄段的男女教师骨密度和体脂率之间存在显著负相关(P<0.05)。结论:上海市高校教师的体脂率和骨密度在40岁之后基本就一直处于非健康的状态,而且随着年龄的增加这种非健康的状态愈加严重。

Objective:This paper is to understand the body composition and bone mineral density of university teachers in Shanghai,and study the relationship between them.Methods:7975 teachers(4700 males and 3275 females)from 8 universities in Shanghai were selected by stratified cluster sampling method,covering the age range of 20-79 years old.They were divided into groups according to their age.Every 10 years old as a group,and measured their body composition and bone mineral density.Results:Before the age of 60,the body fat rate of male and female teachers increased significantly with the increase of age(P<0.01),and the body fat rate of female teachers in the same age group was significantly higher than that of male teachers(P<0.01);The BMI index of female teachers has been increasing significantly with the increasing of age(P<0.01),while that of male teachers has remained stable after the age of 40.In the same age group,the BMI index of female teachers is significantly lower than that of male teachers(P<0.01).Before 60 years old,the BMD’s T value of male and female teachers decreased significantly with the increase of age(P<0.01).After 60 years old,the BMD’s T value of female teachers began to decline sharply,while the BMD’s T value of male teachers showed a certain recovery.Before 60 years old,the BMD’S T value of female teachers was significantly higher than that of male teachers(P<0.01).Before the age of 70,the detection rate of osteoporosis in female teachers is lower than that in male teachers of the same age.There was a negative correlation between BMD and body fat rate of male and female teachers at the age of 30~39(P<0.05).Conclusion:The body fat rate and bone mineral density of College Teachers in Shanghai have been in a non-healthy state since 40 years old,and the non-healthy state is more and more serious with the increase of age.