体育赛事节目网络转播权保护的司法困境及对策研究

Judicial Practice Plight of Broadcast Network Sports Programming and Revision of“Copyright Law”

随着网络技术的快速发展,涉及未经许可的网络转播体育赛事节目的民事纠纷时有发生,如何保护体育赛事节目制作者的网络转播权,我国司法实践对此存在较大分歧,基于对我国相关案例不同观点的归纳与梳理,争议焦点集中于体育赛事节目的法律属性认定和对应权利的选取。独创性问题是体育赛事节目的法律属性认定的难点,适用何等权利保护体育赛事节目网络转播权是司法实践中的一个难题。我国应当以《著作权法》为主体构建良性法律保护体系,采用著作权与邻接权相结合的二元保护机制,通过修订《著作权法》,扩充著作权客体,增加信息网络传播权、录像制作者权、广播组织权权能内容,从而有效保护体育赛事节目制作者权利。

The rapid development of network technology has brought a great impact on the protection object and scope of intellectual property rights.In addition to the lag of legislation,the problem of a network broadcast of sports events is a typical example of a"gap"in legislative protection.Based on copyright law,the protection path of"covering the bottom"with anti-unfair competition law has become the basic idea for our courts to try such disputes.On the issue of copyright protection of online sports programs,many judicial decisions in our country have great differences.The focus of the dispute is on the determination of originality and the selection of corresponding rights.Based on summing up and sorting out the different viewpoints of relevant cases in our country,this paper attempts to refine the case factors for judging the originality degree of sports event programs,clarify the advantages and disadvantages of broadcast rights and information network transmission rights,and further clarify the respective difficulties of copyright protection paths and neighboring rights protection paths.Besides,this paper also compares the extraterritorial experience of the United States,Britain,Germany,the European Union and other countries or regions in regulating the behavior of online broadcasting of sports events,and gives corresponding suggestions for the possible legislation or implementation in the future.