浙江省女子七项全能运动成绩下滑的影响因素及其破解路径研究

A Study on Factors Leading to Poor Performance of Zhejiang Women's Heptathlon&Countermeasures

运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法对浙江省9个地市的27名相关教练员和45名运动员进行了问卷调查。同时对丁莺、沈盛妃,曾华祥等多名七项全能教练员知名教练员进行了深入的访谈。并对调研获得的数据进行了因子分析。研究结果表明:影响女子全能运动发展的四个因子为:后备人才储备、训练条件保障、教练员执教水平、训练及管理体制。而导致浙江省女子全能运动下滑的成因为后备人才断层,拔尖精英极少;基层训练条件艰苦,软硬件设施欠缺;教练员技艺水平、执教水平参差不齐;训练管理体系尚未完善,竞赛体制弊端明显。其破解路径包括:全方位选拔优秀苗子,营造人人爱田径的文化氛围;极力保障基层训练条件,制定个性化训练方案;增设教练员培训考评体系,加强教练员队伍建设;多元化完善训练体制体系。

The paper uses the methods of literature,questionnaire,and mathematical statistics to survey 27 related coaches and 45 athletes from 9 cities in Zhejiang Province,At the same time,Ding Ying,Shen Shengfei,Zeng Huaxiang,and other famous heptathlon coaches conducted in-depth interviews.And factor analysis is carried out on the data obtained from the survey.The results show that the four factors that affect the development of Women's all-around sports are:reserve talent,training conditions,coach level,training,and management system.However,the reasons for the decline of Zhejiang Women's Heptathlon are the gap in reserve talents,extreme lack of elite;the poor training conditions at the grass-roots level,inadequate of hardware and software facilities;uneven skills and teaching level of the coaches;imperfect training management system;obvious drawbacks of the competition system.The solutions include:selecting excellent young athletes comprehensively to create a cultural atmosphere in which everyone loves track and field;making every efforts to ensure the training conditions at the grass-roots level and formulate personalized training programs;increasing the training and evaluation system in training coaches to strengthen the construction of coaches'team;improving the training system in a diversified way.