军队医院构建医疗方舱单元抗击新冠肺炎疫情的探索

Exploration of Medical Cabin Unit Construction in Military Hospital in Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Epidemic

新型冠状病毒肺炎暴发后,疫情在全国范围内迅速蔓延。各军队营区迅速组织疫情防控力量应对此次突发公共卫生事件。由于部队营区人口密集,生活区家属流动性大,因此,暴发聚集性病例风险较高。此外,一些部队营区未曾设立具备医患隔离条件的发热监测点位,且现有医疗用房设置不合理,导致疑似病例发热筛查难度增大、病患交叉传染风险增大。医疗方舱单元作为一种标志性的机动后勤装备,具备结构坚固、持久耐用、机动性高、独立操作空间多的特点,被广泛应用于人口密集营区内新冠肺炎的防控措施中。受方舱医院建设模式启发,结合部队基层医疗机构实际,建设医疗方舱单元,并从设计规划、功能流程、管理保障、运行成效、进一步改进措施等方面进行深入探讨,以期为部队基层医疗机构应对突发传染病防控提供参考。

Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),this epidemic has spread rapidly nationwide.All military regions in China triggered an intense response to this public health emergency.The fact that Chinese military barracks are densely populated,with high mobility relatives in neighborhood,which would give rise to potential COVID-19 outbreaks of clustered cases.However,most primary health-care institutions are deficient in fever clinics for suspected COVID-19 cases,and are unable to isolate patients with respiratory symptoms from others,which result in rising risk of cross-infection in communities and obstacles of screening for COVID-19.Medical cabin units,as health-care facilities with sturdy structure and durable resistance,are utilized widely in densely-populated military barracks during the prevention and control of COVID-19 in China.They are removable containers providing separate cabins for both medical personnel and devices,which are widely concerned as a symbol of logistical equipment.Medical cabin units were built up by the inspiration of medical cabin hospitals,and have adapted their attributes to the conditions of primary health-care institutions in military regions.We elucidate the construction plan designed,operating instruction,maintenance and effectiveness of medical cabin units so as to provide references for military primary medical institutions in dealing with public health emergencies.