枯草芽孢杆菌对肉仔鸡排泄物中钙、磷含量及养分表观代谢率的影响

Effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis on calcium and phosphorus contents in feces and the apparent metabolic rate of nutrient of broilers

本试验通过在基础日粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌,研究其对肉仔鸡排泄物中钙、磷含量及养分表观代谢率的影响。选择1日龄健康AA肉鸡180只,随机分为3个处理组,分别为无抗对照组、抗生素对照组和枯草芽孢杆菌组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。无抗对照组饲喂基础日粮,抗生素对照组在基础日粮中添加5 mg/kg黄霉素、75 mg/kg金霉素和20 mg/kg吉他霉素,枯草芽孢杆菌组在基础日粮中添加1.5×10^10cfu/kg枯草芽孢杆菌,试验期42 d。结果显示:(1)与无抗对照组相比,21日龄时,枯草芽孢杆菌组和抗生素组肉仔鸡排泄物磷含量均极显著降低(P<0.01),分别降低了10.87%、10.14%。(2)与无抗对照组相比,42日龄时,枯草芽孢杆菌组肉仔鸡排泄物灰分和钙含量极显著提高,分别提高了8.33%、23.81%((P<0.01),排泄物磷含量显著提高8.94%(P<0.05)。(3)与无抗对照组相比,枯草芽孢杆菌组肉仔鸡干物质和蛋白质表观代谢率显著提高(P<0.05);枯草芽孢杆菌组和抗生素对照组肉仔鸡钙、磷表观代谢率极显著提高(P<0.01),其中枯草芽孢杆菌组钙、磷代谢率分别提高了16.77%、16.18%。综上所述,日粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌能显著提高肉仔鸡的养分表观代谢率,降低21日龄肉仔鸡排泄物中磷含量,提高42日龄肉仔鸡排泄物中灰分、钙和磷含量。

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis on calcium and phosphorus contents in feces and the apparent metabolic rate of nutrient of broiler chickens. A total of 180 1-day-old healthy Arbor Acres broiler chickens were randomly allotted to three groups,with 6 replicates per group and 10 chickens per replicate. The control group was fed with the basic diet,while the antibiotic group was fed with 5 mg/kg of flavomycin,75 mg/kg of aureomycin and 20 mg/kg of kitasamycin. Bacillus subtilis group was fed with 1.5×10^10 cfu/kg Bacillus subtilis in the basic diet for 42 days. The results showed as follows:(1)Compared with the control group,at 21 days of age,Bacillus subtilis group and antibiotic group feces phosphorus content was extremely significantly reduced,respectively decreased by 10.87% and 10.14%(P<0.01);(2) Compared with the control group,at 42 days of age,the supplementation of Bacillus subtilis extremely significantly increased ash and calcium contents in feces of broilers(P<0.01),respectively increased by 8.33% and 23.81%,and significantly increased feces content of phosphorus by 8.94%(P<0.05);(3) Compared with the control group,the apparent metabolic rate(AMR) of dry matter and crude protein of broilers in the Bacillus subtilis group increased significantly(P<0.05),the AMR of calcium and phosphorus of the Bacillus subtilis group and antibiotic group was extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),in which the AMR of calcium and phosphorus of Bacillus subtilis increased by 16.77% and 16.18%,respectively. In conclusion that the supplementation of Bacillus subtilis significantly improved the AMR of feed nutrient of boriers,reduced feces content of phosphorus of 21-day-old broilers,but increased feces contents of ash and calcium of 42-day-old broilers.