新疆少数民族体育非物质文化遗产分布特征及影响因素研究

Research on the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Xinjiang Minority Sports

采用GIS空间分析法对新疆少数民族体育非物质文化遗产分布特征及其影响因素进行研究,旨在对其进行更好地保护和传承.研究认为:整体空间分布不均衡,靠近新疆边境地区呈带状分布特征;南疆地区较为集中、北疆地区相对分散、东疆地区比较零星;行政区域上,喀什地区最多,阿勒泰地区次之,克拉玛依市、哈密市、吐鲁番市、和田地区较少,且存在非遗数量与人口数量和密度成正相关的特点.表现出3个高密度核心圈的分布核密度特征和覆盖6个世居少数民族的民族分布特征.形成上述分布特征的主要影响因素是自然资源、地形地貌、河流湖泊、人口分布、交通条件、政策法规和社会环境.建议从政策、生态、生产和生活4个路径实现新疆少数民族体育非物质文化遗产的保护、传承和发展.

This paper studied the distribution characteristics and impact mechanism of Xinjiang minority sports intangible cultural heritage with the GIS spatial analysis method,aiming to better protect and inherit it.The study suggests that the overall spatial distribution is uneven,with a band-like distribution characteristic near the border area.They are relatively concentrated in the southern region,while relatively dispersed in the northern region,and relatively rare in the eastern area;administratively,Kashi has the most,followed by Altay,while Karamay,Hami,Turpan,and Hotan are scarce.Moreover,the number of intangible cultural heritage of ethnic minority sports is positively correlated with the population number and density.It shows the distribution is characterized by three high-density core circles,and a coverage of six ethnic minorities.The factors that cause the above distribution characteristics are related to the natural resources,topography,rivers and lakes,population and ethnicity,traffic conditions and policies and regulations and social environment.It is recommended to protect,inherit and develop the intangible cultural heritage of ethnic minority sports in Xinjiang from the following aspects: policy,ecology,production and life.