多类空运危险品并存情景-应对处置方法研究

Study on the Disposal Method of Coexistence of Dangerous Goods in Air Transport Based on Scenario-response

针对空运危险品事故情景复杂、多类危险品并存时处置困难的问题,利用情景-应对理论,提出多类空运危险品并存时应急处置方法。首先,基于危险品的危险特性分类和装载时不相容危险品的隔离原则,通过排列组合的规则,构建3种多类危险品并存的典型情景;然后,结合空运危险品的事故后果和危害方式的特点,在现有应急救援设备力量配备的基础上对这3种典型情景提出应急处置对策,并优化了多类空运危险品并存时事故应急处置的流程;最后,通过某机场危险品航空运输应急处置演练实例验证了多类空运危险品应急处置方法的科学性和有效性。研究结果可为机场或航空公司多类危险品空运事故的应急处置提供参考和借鉴。

Aiming at the complex scenarios of air cargo dangerous goods accidents and the difficulty of handling when multiple types of dangerous goods coexisting, the scenario-response theory was used, and emergency handling methods were proposed when multiple types of airborne dangerous goods coexisted. Firstly, based on the hazard classification of dangerous goods and the principle of isolation of incompatible dangerous goods during loading, through the rules of permutation and combination, three typical scenarios when multiple types of dangerous goods coexist were constructed. Then, the characteristics of the accident consequences and the hazards of air dangerous goods were combined. On the basis of the existing emergency rescue equipment, emergency response measures for three typical scenarios were proposed. And the process of emergency response to accidents when multiple types of air cargoes coexisted was optimized. Finally, through the example of an emergency handling drill for dangerous goods air transportation in an airport, the scientificity and effectiveness of multiple types of emergency handling methods for dangerous goods by air were verified. The research results can provide references for emergency handling of multiple types of dangerous goods air transport accidents at airports or airlines.