解淀粉芽胞杆菌DS-1菌剂的研制及田间应用效果

Development and field application of microbial inoculum from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DS-1

本文以一株解淀粉芽胞杆菌DS-1生防菌为研究对象,采用单因素法和正交试验法优化该菌株的发酵条件和生产工艺,通过菌剂的研制测定了其温室防效。结果表明:该菌株最佳固态发酵为以玉米粉为基质,培养条件为可溶性淀粉200 mg/g、小米粉50 mg/g、接种量0.8 mL/g、培养时间96 h、pH 8.0;最适的菌株助剂为壳聚糖20 mg/g(载体)、聚四氟乙烯浓缩分散液100 mg/g(分散剂)和糊精50 mg/g(保护剂)。粉剂与颗粒剂均能提高番茄和黄瓜的株高和鲜重,且颗粒剂效果更突出;并对辣椒枯萎病的防治效果可达60.75%和62.86%,对黄瓜枯萎病的防效达63.58%和66.12%,两种制剂的防效均显著高于发酵液的防效。

Fermentation condition and production process of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain DS-1 were optimized by single factor method and orthogonal experiment method and control effect was determined in greenhouse.The results showed that the optimal solid-state fermentation of the strain was based on corn flour,soluble starch 200 mg/g,small rice flour 50 mg/g,inoculation content 0.8 mL/g,incubation time 96 h,and pH 8.0.The optimum auxiliaries of the strain were chitosan 20 mg/g(carrier),polytetrafluoroethylene concentrated dispersion 100 mg/g(dispersant)and dextrin 50 mg/g(protectant).Both powder and granules could improve the plant height and fresh weight of peppers and cucumbers,but granules are more effective than powder.The greenhouse control efficacy of powders and granules on pepper Fusarium wilt could reach to 60.75%and 62.86%,respectively,and that on cucumber Fusarium wilt could reach to 63.58%and 66.12%,respectively.Two agents had more significant effects on two diseases than fermentation broth.