全日制职业技术教育专业学位研究生培养现状与优化策略——基于试点院校的实证分析

The Cultivation Situation and Optimization Strategy of Full-time Professional Degree Graduate of Vocational Education--Empirical Analysis Based on Pilot Universities

2016年,全国有45所院校开始职业技术教育专业学位研究生教育试点工作,旨在为中等职业学校培养一批高素质专业教师。通过对三所试点院校的师生开展访谈并对部分试点院校的培养方案和学位论文等进行文本分析发现,目前我国全日制职业技术教育专业学位研究生招生对象前置专业限定严格且调剂考生居多,培养目标定位于中职教师但仍比较笼统模糊,课程设置模块化但实践性和专业性偏弱,教学方式趋于多元却创新度不足,“双师型”导师团队建设喜忧参半,考核标准体现职业教育特色而对口就业成为难题。为有效推动全日制职业技术教育专业学位研究生教育试点的规模扩张和内涵提升,建议相关管理部门及试点院校适度放宽前置专业限制,拓展“跨溪结屋”招生培养新路径;明确培养高素质中职专业教师的目标,凸显“职业性”与“高层次性”;建立“校-企-校”合作机制,加强实践平台与基地建设;落实“双导师制”乃至“三导师制”,完善导师考核激励机制;增加实践性及应用性指标,建立相对独立的考核评价体系;对接中等职业学校岗位需求,建立良性人才输出机制。

In 2016,45 universities started the pilot program of professional degree graduate of vocational education,aiming to cultivate a group of high-quality professional teachers for secondary vocational schools.Through interviewing the teachers and students of three pilot universities,and analyzing the part of the cultivation scheme and dissetation of pilot universities,it is found that,there are strict pre-professional restrictions and many students are transferred because they are not accepted by the first choice.The cultivation target is secondary vocational teachers,but it is still vague.The curriculum is modular,but the practicality and specialty are weak.The teaching methods tend to be diversified but the degree of innovation is not enough.The construction of“double qualified”tutor team is mixed with joy and anxiety.The assessment standard reflects the characteristics of vocational education,but the counterpart employment has become a problem.In order to effectively promote the scale expansion and connotation improvement of the full-time vocational education professional master education pilot,it is suggested that the relevant management departments and pilot universities should appropriately relax the pre-professional restriction,expand the new path of“cross river construction room”enrollment and cultivation,clarify the goal of cultivating high-quality secondary vocational professional teachers,highlight the“professionalism”and“high-level”;establish“university-enterprise-school”cooperation mechanism,strengthen the construction of practice platform and base;implement the“double tutors”and even“three tutors”system,improve the assessment and incentive mechanism of tutors;increase practical and applied indicators,establish relatively independent assessment system;meet the post demand of secondary vocational schools,establish a reasonable talent export mechanism.