自噬调节动物氧化应激反应的分子机制

Molecular Mechanism of Autophagy Regulating Oxidative Stress in Animals

氧化应激是机体氧化还原状态的失衡,会导致大量活性氧产生,不可逆地氧化细胞DNA和生物分子;同时,氧化应激可以诱导自噬的产生。细胞自噬是一种细胞降解胞内物质的生理过程,其通过清除错误折叠蛋白质、损伤的细胞器以及入侵的微生物以维持细胞自身稳态。本文主要对自噬的类型与形成过程、自噬的调控方式、氧化应激诱导自噬的原因、自噬缓解氧化应激的机制及营养物质调控自噬发生等进行综述,以期为畜禽生产中通过营养调控自噬缓解氧化应激提供理论依据。

Oxidative stress is a stress status when the balance of oxidation and anti-oxidation system breaks down,which results in excess reactive oxygen species and irreversibly oxidizes cellular DNA and biomolecules.In addition,oxidative stress can induce autophagy.Autophagy is a physiological process degrading damaged intracellular materials.It preserves cellular homeostasis by degrading misfolded proteins,damaged organelles and invading microorganisms.This article mainly described the types and processes of autophagy,the way regulating autophagy,the causes of autophagy induced by oxidative stress,the mechanisms by which autophagy mitigates oxidative stress,and the pathway of autophagy mediated by nutrients.We attempt to provide a theoretical basis for nutrients alleviating oxidative stress in livestock production through mediating autophagy.