牛至油替代抗生素和氧化锌对仔猪生长性能、腹泻频率、肠道形态和血浆抗氧化指标的影响

Effects of Oregano Oil Instead of Antibiotics and Zinc Oxide on Growth Performance,Diarrhea Frequency,Intestinal Morphology and Plasma Antioxidant Indices of Weaned Piglets

本试验旨在研究牛至油替代抗生素和氧化锌对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻频率、肠道形态和血浆抗氧化指标的影响。选取48头(21±1)日龄的健康“杜×长×大”断奶仔猪,按体重一致的原则随机分为2组,分别为抗生素组、牛至油组,每组6个重复,每个重复4头猪。抗生素组在基础饲粮中添加氧化锌和抗生素混合物,牛至油组在基础饲粮中添加牛至油。试验期为28 d。结果表明:牛至油替代抗生素和氧化锌显著提高了仔猪断奶后第1~14天的腹泻频率(P<0.05),但对仔猪断奶后第1~14天、第15~28天和第1~28天的平均日增重、平均日采食量、料重比均没有产生显著影响(P>0.05),并使断奶后第1~14天的平均日增重提高9.6%,平均日采食量提高5.5%。牛至油替代抗生素和氧化锌对断奶仔猪十二指肠、空肠、回肠形态均没有产生显著影响(P>0.05)。牛至油替代抗生素和氧化锌使断奶后第15天血浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著提高(P<0.05)。上述结果提示,在本试验条件下,牛至油替代抗生素和氧化锌会显著提高仔猪断奶后第1~14天的腹泻频率,但对整个试验期内的腹泻频率和生长性能没有显著影响,同时还可提高机体的抗氧化性能。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of oregano oil instead of antibiotic and zinc oxide on growth performance,diarrhea frequency,intestinal morphology and plasma antioxidant indices of weaned piglets.Forty-eight“Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire”weaned piglets at the age of(21±1)days were randomly allotted to 2 groups(antibiotic group and oregano oil group)with 6 replicates,and 4 piglets per replicate.In antibiotic group,zinc oxide and antibiotic mixture were added in a basal diet,while in oregano oil group,oregano oil was added in the basal diet.The test period was 28 days.The results showed that oregano oil instead of antibiotics and zinc oxide significantly increased the diarrhea frequency of piglets on days 1 to 14 post-weaning(P<0.05),but had no significant effects on average daily gain,average daily feed intake and feed/gain of piglets on days 1 to 14,days 15 to 28 and days 1 to 28 post-weaning(P>0.05).Compared with the antibiotics group,the average daily gain of piglets on days 1 to 14 post-weaning increased by 9.6%,and the average daily feed intake increased by 5.5%.Oregano oil instead of antibiotics and zinc oxide had no significant effects on the morphology of duodenum,jejunum and ileum of piglets(P>0.05).On day 15 post-weaning,the superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in plasma were significantly increased when oregano oil instead of antibiotics and zinc oxide(P<0.05).Therefore,under the condition of this experiment,oregano oil instead of antibiotics and zinc oxide significantly increases the diarrhea frequency on days 1 to 14 post-weaning,but does not affect the growth performance and diarrhea frequency of while period,as well as improves the antioxidant performance of weaned piglets.