CFRP碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料超声辅助切削技术研究现状与展望

Research Status and Prospect of Ultrasonic Assisted Cutting Technology for CFRP Carbon Fiber Reinforced Resin Matrix Composite

CFRP由于其拥有较高的比强度、比模量以及各向异性好等优势被广泛的应用在航空航天领域。但是,它的可加工性能较差,加工过程中容易出现分层、撕裂、毛刺等缺陷,严重影响加工质量,同时对加工刀具寿命也有较大的影响。超声辅助加工是一种用来加工超硬、脆材等难加工材料的复合加工方式,近年来得到广泛应用。对国内外在CFRP超声加工时的切削刀具的选用以及改进、切削力、切削热以及切削质量等方面的研究现状进行分析,找出其存在问题及加工难点,提出了CFRP超声辅助加工相应对策的研究趋势和关注的问题进行了展望。

CFRP is widely used in aerospace field because of its high specific strength,specific modulus and good anisotropy. However,its machinability is poor,and defects such as delamination,tearing and burr easily appear in the process of machining,which seriously affect the machining quality and also have a greater impact on the tool life. Ultrasonic assisted machining(UAM) is a kind of composite machining method which is used to process superhard and brittle materials,which has been widely used in recent years. This paper analyzes the research status of cutting tool selection and improvement, cutting force, cutting heat and cutting quality in CFRP ultrasonic machining at home and abroad,finds out the existing problems and machining difficulties,and puts forward the research trend and related problems of the corresponding countermeasures for CFRP ultrasonic machining, and prospects the related problems.