南京市居民无偿献血问题的实证研究与社会性规制探讨

Discussion on the empirical investigation and social guides of gratuitous blood donation

目的探讨我国无偿献血事业存在的问题及原因,突破血液供求“紧平衡”状态,为政府相关部门献血工作提出更有针对性、更高效率的建议。方法本研究选取南京市作为实证调研的目的地,探究公民对于无偿献血的认知与评价。结合社会性规制理论,分析无偿献血领域存在的外部性效应与信息不对称效应。结果不同类型的居民对于无偿献血认知存在差异;整体献血满意度偏低,居民献血原因主要基于利他精神等。结论发展无偿献血,相关部门可以从以下角度进行完善:加强无偿献血宣传、强化血液安全质量管理、完善献血者权益保障;健全血站信息公开制度,规范献血激励措施等。

Objective To discuss the problems that existed in gratuitous blood donation in China and possible causes in⁃volved,and also to break through the status of"tight balance"in the supply and demand of blood,so that more oriented and more high⁃ly efficient suggestions could be offered to related government organizations concerning blood donation.Methods The research selected Nanjing as the target of the empirical research,during the course of which the recognition and evaluation of local inhabitants were inves⁃tigated concerning blood donation.In combination with social guides or customs,analyses were made on the external effect and asym⁃metric effect corresponding gratuitous blood donation.Results Differences existed among different inhabitants in the recognition of gra⁃tuitous blood donation,with the rate of satisfaction with blood donation being low on the whole.For the local inhabitants,the motive for blood donation was mainly altruistic.Conclusion For gratuitous blood donation,related authorities could do the following for further perfection;intensifying propaganda in gratuitous blood donation;tightening quality control toward blood safety;perfecting assurance of the rights and interests of donators;strengthening the system of blood⁃station open information;and standardizing measures for blood do⁃nation incentives.