族际交往、族际通婚与文化交融:以拉萨“蕃卡契”为例

Intra-Ethnic Communication,Marriage and Culture Mixture:A Case of“Fan Kache”of Lhasa

族际通婚是考察民族关系的重要指标,拉萨"蕃卡契"自清大规模入藏以后,从最初多娶藏族女性为妻的单向族际婚发展为多元并存的族际通婚制度。通过族际通婚,拉萨"蕃卡契"扩展了生存空间和社交网络,淡化了与藏族文化的差异感,拉近了与藏族、汉族的社会心理距离,促进了文化交融,具体表现在语言的共同使用、节日的共度以及生活习俗的相互浸染等诸多层面。

Ethnic marriage is an important indicator in studying ethnic relation and mixture.Lhasa“Fan Kache”(Tibetan Muslim)entered Tibet in large-scale in Qing dynasty,from the initial marriage with Tibetan women wife of one-way ethnic marriage as majorit,to multiple concurrent ethnic marriage system.By ethnic marriage,“Fan Kache”extended survival space and social network,played down cultural differences with the Tibetans,closed social psychological distance to Tibetans and Hans,promoted the culture mixture,which performed in the language,festival and customes.