基于电子地图大数据的春运期间人口流动时空新格局探析——兼议反向春运

An Analysis of the New Space-time Pattern of Population Movement during the Spring Festival Travel Rush Based on the Big Data of Electronic Map:Concurrent Discussion about Reverse Spring Festival Transportation

春运是我国规模最大和最典型的人口流动现象之一,春运期间的人口流动时空格局直接或间接影响我国春节期间的经济与社会发展。依托高德地图大数据,重点刻画2019年我国春运期间人口流动时空格局最新变化。研究发现,在2019年春运期间发达城市的人口流动规模仍然很大;春运期间我国人口流动呈现着“节前分流、节后汇流”的鲜明格局;人口流动呈现出明显的网络结构特征,京津冀城市群、长江中下游城市群、珠江三角洲城市群与成渝城市群主导了春运期间的人口流动。2019年春运期间的人口流动时空格局仍然与传统春运格局相一致,“反向春运”新态势仍需观察与研究。

Spring Festival travel rush is one of the largest and most typical phenomena of population movement in China.The spatial and temporal pattern of population movement during the Spring Festival period directly or indirectly affects China’s economic and social development during the Spring Festival.The article relies on the big data of Gaode map in 2019,focusing on depicting the latest changes in the spatial and temporal pattern of population geographic movement during the Spring Festival of 2019.The study finds that:developed cities are those with the largest population movement during the Spring Festival;during the Spring Festival travel rush,the population flow presents a clear pattern of pre-festival diversion and post-festival confluence,and shows obvious characteristics of network structure;the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration,the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration and the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration dominate the flow of population during the Spring Festival travel rush.The spatial and temporal pattern of population movement during the Spring Festival of 2019 is consistent with the traditional pattern.The new trend of“reverse Spring Festival travel rush”still needs observation and research.