邯郸市主城区滏阳河治理成效评估研究

Assessment of Fuyang River governance effect in Handan main urban areas

滏阳河是海河流域重点治理河流,为了评估其治理成效,以滏阳河邯郸市主城区段为研究对象,基于2000—2018年河流径流量、工业用水量、污废水排放量等的变化过程,从河流开发利用率、污径比、河底沉积物污染与释放以及主要污染物质浓度变化等方面,采用统计分析方法进行评估。结果表明,邯郸市主城区滏阳河长期治理效果显著。河流开发利用率和污径比均大幅下降,分别由2000年时的62.4%和91.9%,减小到2018年的13.7%和10.9%。滏阳河流经主城区,NH4^+-N、COD浓度增加量分别由2000年时的11.1mg/L和142 mg/L,减小到2018年的1.3 mg/L和15 mg/L,河流水质明显改善。主城区排水管网与市政污水处理设施的完善,减小了生活污水对河流的影响。而工业用水量和工业废水排放量的逐年减少,是使得河流取水量和污水入河量减少、河流污染减轻的关键。另外,河流清淤疏浚后,仍然存在表层沉积物释放NH4^+-N和COD的风险。研究成果能够为与滏阳河类似的河流水环境的改善提供科学依据和参考。

The Fuyang River is one of the key governance rivers in Hai River Basin.In order to evaluation the river governance effect,the Fuyang River in Handan main urban areas was selected as the research object,based on the change process of Fuyang River runoff,industrial water consumption and wastewater emission etc from 2000 to 2018,the river utilization,ratio of wastewater to runoff,surface sediments pollution and release characteristics and main pollutants concentrations change were statistically analyzed to assess the Fuyang River governance effect.The result shows that the long-term governance effect of Fuyang River was remarkable in Handan main urban areas.The Fuyang River utilization rate and ratio of wastewater to runoff declined significantly from 62.4%and 91.9%in 2000 to 13.7%and 10.9%in 2018 respectively.When the Fuyang River inflowed through the Handan main urban areas,the concentration incrments of NH4^+-N and COD decreased from 11.1 mg/L and 142 mg/L in 2000 to 1.3 mg/L and 15 mg/L in 2018 respectively,and the river water quality was improved significantly.In Handan main urban areas,the improvement of drainage pipe networks and municipal sewage treatment facilities reduced the impact of domestic sewage on the river.However,the decrease of industrial water consumption and industrial wastewater discharge year by year was the key to the reduction of river water withdrawal and wastewater inflow,leading to alleviating river pollution.In addition,there was still a release risk of NH4^+-N and COD from surface sediments after the river sludges were dredged.The result can provide the scientific basis and reference for further improvement of the water environment like Fuyang River.