我国城市地下空间安全问题探讨

Discussion on the Safety of Urban Underground Space in China

随着我国城市地下空间大规模开发利用,地下空间施工、运营和管理过程中的安全事故不断发生,严重影响了城市的安全发展。本文总结了我国城市地下空间安全现状和不同地下空间设施类型的安全事故类型及产生原因,对地下空间施工、运营和管理中的安全问题进行了分析,重点分析了不同施工工艺诱发的各类地质灾害,不同类型的地质环境因素诱发的工程事故,地下空间运营期间结构老化、外部地质环境变化引起的安全问题,地下空间管理不到位导致的安全事故,并提出从管理和技术层面、监管层面、法律层面等多维度的防治建议,即:需要完善地下空间管理技术体系,建立完整的行政管理机构,健全城市地下空间法律法规。

With the large-scale development and utilization of urban underground space in China,safety accidents continue to occur in the process of construction,management and operation of underground space,which have seriously affected the safety development of city.This paper summarizes the safety status of urban underground space in China,the types and causes of safety accidents of different types of underground space facilities,and analyzes the safety problems in the construction,operation and management of underground space.We focus on the analysis of all kinds of geological disaster accidents caused by different construction processes,engineering accidents caused by different types of geological environmental factors,safety problems caused by structural aging and external geological environment changes during the operation of underground space,safety accidents caused by inadequate management of underground space,and put forward multidimensional prevention and control suggestions from management and technical level,supervision level,legal level and so on.It is necessary to improve the underground space management technology system,establish a complete administrative organization,and improve the urban underground space laws and regulations.