抑制石榴枯萎病菌的化学农药和木霉菌株筛选

Screening of Fungicides and Trichoderma to Inhibiting Pathogen of Pomegranate Wilt

为了安全有效地控制石榴枯萎病,为石榴枯萎病的田间防治提供基础数据。以石榴枯萎病病原菌甘薯长喙壳(Ceratocystis fimbriata)和木霉(Trichoderma spp.)菌为供试菌株,采用菌丝生长速率法和对峙培养法,测定8种化学农药和22个木霉菌株对石榴枯萎病菌的抑制效果。结果表明,咪鲜胺、丙环唑、多菌灵3种化学农药的抑菌效果最好,均达100%;甲基硫菌灵次之,抑菌率为63.79%。22个木霉菌株中,抑菌率在70%以上是:J1、PJ1-1、PJ1-2、J2、PJ3。抑菌率在60%-70%之间是:GD1、GM6、PZ1、抗氟硅唑PZ1、J3。抑菌率50%-60%之间:抗三唑酮GD1、Y2、抗三唑酮Y2、抗三唑酮GM6、抗氟硅唑GM6、抗三唑酮PZ1、J5。抑菌率在50%以下是:PY2、J4、JD3、GD3、GD5。鉴于此,可将咪鲜胺、丙环唑、多菌灵3种化学农药和J1、PJ1-1、PJ1-2、J2、PJ35个木霉菌株作为大田防治石榴枯萎病的备选化学农药和木霉生防菌剂。

In order to safely and effectively control pomegranate wilt,basic data for control of pomegranate wilt in field were provided.Ceratocystis fimbriata caused pathogen of pomegranate wilt was tested the inhibition rates of 8 kinds of chemical agents and 22 Trichoderma strains with mycelium growth rate method and confrontation culture method.The results showed that the inhibition rates of Prochloraz,Propiconazole and Carbendazim are all 100%.The inhibition rate of Thiophannate-Methyl was 63.79%.The inhibition rates of J1,PJ1-1,PJ1-2,J2 and PJ3 were more than 70%.The inhibition rates of GD1,GM6,PZ1 and PZ1 resistant to Fluosilazole,J3 were between 60%and 70%.The inhibition rates of GD1 resistant to Triazolone,Y2,Y2 resistant to Triazolone,GM6 resistant to Triazolone,GM6 resistant to Fluosilazole,PZ1 resistant to Triazolone and J5 were between 50%and 60%.The inhibition rates of PY2,J4,JD3,GD3 and GD5 were less than 50%.In conclusion,three chemical agents such as Prochloraz,Propiconazole,Carbendazim and 5 Trichoderma strains of J1,PJ1-1,PJ1-2,J2,PJ3 could be used as alternative fungicides and biological agents controlling of pomegranate wilt in field.