非洲海外耕地投资发展的时空格局演变与影响因素

Analysis of Spatio-temporal Pattern Evolvement and Influence Factors of Africa’s Overseas Farmland Investment

21世纪以来,海外耕地投资已成为非洲跨国农业投资领域的显著特征。采用文献资料法、熵值法和空间计量等方法对非洲海外耕地投资的发展状况进行分析。结果表明:①经过多年发展非洲海外耕地投资东道国空间聚集特征逐步形成,东部地区已成为东道国的高-高聚集区,整体形态呈沿赤道自西向东喇叭状放射;②非洲海外耕地投资东道国空间分异在西北到东南方向最为明显,外部环境对海外耕地投资活动发展的影响逐步减弱,东道国内部因素的影响正在提升;③人均淡水量、耕地总面积、外国直接投资净流入比例、人均GDP、人均国民收入等5个因素对非洲海外耕地投资发展存在显著影响。作为一个耕地资源匮乏的人口大国,在中央多次提出统筹利用国内外两种资源、两个市场的背景下,中国政府应重视海外优质耕地资源的利用,为土地资源安全和粮食安全未雨绸缪。

Si nce the 21st century,overseas farmland investment activities has become prominent features in the field of transnational agricultural investment in Africa.This paper analyzes the development status of African overseas farmland investment by means of literature data,entropy method and spatial measurement.The results show that:①After years of development,the characteristics of space accumulation in the host country of African overseas farmland have gradually formed.The eastern region has become a high-high gathering area of the host countries,and the overall shape is radiated from west to east along the equator;②The spatial differentiation of the host countries of Africa’s overseas farmland investment is most obvious in the northwest to southeast direction.The impact of the external environment on the development of overseas farmland investment activities has gradually weakened,and the influence of internal factors in the host country is increasing;③Five factors including per capita fresh water,total arable land,percentage of net foreign direct investment inflows,per capita GDP,and per capita national income have a significant impact on the development of overseas arable land investment in Africa.As a populous country with a shortage of arable land resources,the Chinese government should pay attention to the use of overseas high-quality arable land resources under the background that the central government has repeatedly proposed the coordinated use of domestic and foreign resources and two markets so as to plan for land resource security and food security.