多元文化交错地区传统聚落景观特征图谱的构建--以陕南地区为例

Establishment of Characteristic Atlas of Traditional Settlements Landscape in Multicultural Area:Take Southern Shaanxi for Example

以地处我国南北地理和文化过渡带的典型多元文化交错区--陕南地区为例,运用图谱的抽象概括和类型化原理,从聚落整体和建筑单体层面,应用景观信息链和景观基因理论,探索多元文化交错区传统聚落景观主体特征及其构成规律的识别、提取和表达的有效途径及图谱化方法。结果表明:作为典型的交错区,陕南地区传统聚落景观形态十分多样。基于景观特征的组合重构可生成12种传统聚落、35280种传统建筑景观图谱的理论形式。根据各类特征在陕南地域性景观构成中的作用力差异,进一步筛选提炼为6种传统聚落和26种传统建筑景观特征总图谱的代表性形式。后续分区图谱应借鉴总图谱构建方法,建立从宏观到微观、从概括到具体的交错区传统聚落景观特征图谱体系。

Taking Southern Shaanxi,which is located in the transition zone of climate and cultural between north and south of China,as an example,this paper explored the effective way to identify,extract and express the main characteristics and composition rules of the traditional settlement landscape in the multicultural area as well as establishment methods of characteristic atlas of traditional settlement landscape from the perspective of settlement and architecture by applying landscape information chain and landscape gene theory.The research shows that,as a typical multicultural ecotone,the theoretical forms of the general atlas of traditional settlement landscape in Southern Shaanxi are diverse.According to the combination of different landscape feature types,12 kinds of traditional settlement landscape and 35280 kinds of architectural landscape theoretical characteristic forms are generated respectively.By comparing the differences of acting force of various features in the regional landscape composition,6 kinds of traditional settlement landscape and 26 kinds traditional architectural landscape representative characteristic forms are extracted from the theoretical forms.Zoning atlases can draw lessons from the construction method of general atlas,and establish characteristic atlas system of the traditional settlement landscape from macro to micro,from generalization to concrete.