有氧运动对阿尔茨海默病认知功能的影响及其机制

Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Cognitive Function in Alzheimer’s Disease and Its Mechanism

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)是一种最常见以Aβ沉积和Tau蛋白高度磷酸化形成神经原纤维缠结为主要病理特征的神经退行性疾病.现有临床AD治疗药物仅能短暂改善认知水平,无法阻止或逆转病理进程.越来越多研究证实,长期适度的有氧运动作为一种健康可行运动方式,可以通过抑制脑内Aβ沉积与高度磷酸化Tau毒性蛋白及改善神经可塑性、炎症反应、氧化应激和能量代谢等多方面影响AD病理进程,因而被视为预防或延缓AD的有效策略.本文从有氧运动改善AD病理机制角度进行综述,以期为有氧运动作为治疗手段用于预防和延缓AD提供的新思路.

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β(Aβ)plaques and the formation of hyperphosphorylated tau-containing neurofibrillary tangles.Unfortunately,the current clinical drugs for the treatment of AD can only temporarily improve cognition,and cannot prevent and/or reverse the pathological process.More and more studies have confirmed that longterm moderate aerobic exercise,as a healthy and feasible form of exercise,can eliminate Aβdeposition and reduce hyperphosphorylated Tau protein as well as alleviate AD symptoms of neural plasticity,inflammatory response,oxidative stress and energy metabolism.Therefore,aerobic exercise is considered as an effective strategy to prevent or delay AD.This article elucidates the pathological mechanism of aerobic exercise ameliorates AD and in the hope of providing a new strategy to prevent and treat AD.