COVID-19流行期间医务人员的心理健康调查及分析

Investigation and Analysis on Mental Health of Medical Personnel During the Corona Virus Disease 2019 Outbreak

目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)流行期间医务人员的心理健康状况及影响因素,为制定有效的心理干预方案提供依据。方法采用世界卫生组织心理健康自评问卷(SRQ-20)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)及自制基本信息调查表对COVID-19疫情期间在岗的河南省境内医务人员进行心理状态调查。结果(1)符合研究对象标准并完成评估的河南省境内医务人员有204人,存在心理问题的有55人,占总人数的27.0%,SRQ-20得分中位数为3.00分,四分位数间距(Q U-Q L)为7.75分。存在焦虑症状39人,占总人数的19.1%,SAS总分为(40.14±9.72)分。存在抑郁症状42人,占总人数的20.6%,SDS总分为(43.60±12.30)分。(2)对目前疫情的恐慌程度在有无焦虑症状人群中的比例差异有统计学意义(χ^2=10.511,P=0.033);对目前疫情的恐慌程度(χ^2=13.267,P=0.010)、领悟社会支持程度(χ^2=18.896,P<0.001)在有无抑郁症状人群中的比例差异有统计学意义。(3)心理问题的影响因素:自评因目前疫情感到重度恐慌组较没有恐慌组更有可能出现心理问题(AOR=8.701,95%CI:2.169~34.901,P=0.002);领悟社会支持程度与心理问题呈负相关(AOR=0.937,95%CI:0.909~0.967,P<0.001)。结论医务人员会出现焦虑、抑郁及其他心理健康问题,因目前疫情感到严重恐慌和较低的领悟社会支持程度是心理问题的影响因素。在心理干预工作中要充分利用各种保护性因素,减少突发公共卫生事件带来的心理社会问题。

Objective To see the psychological characteristics and influencing factors of medical personnel during the corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19),and provide references for the development of effective psychological interventions.Methods The World Health Organization self-reporting questionnaire(SRQ-20),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS),perceived social support scale(PSSS)and self-made basic information questionnaire were used to conduct a psychological survey for medical staff in Henan Province who were on duty during COVID-19.Results(1)There were 204 medical personnel in Henan Province who met the criteria of the study subjects and completed the evaluation.The number of people who may be with mental disorders was 55 cases,accounted for 27.0%of the total population.The median score of SRQ-20 was 3.00,and the quartile spacing(Q U-Q L)was 7.75.There were 39 cases of anxiety symptoms,accounted for 19.1%of the total.SAS score was(40.14±9.72).There were 42 cases of depressive symptoms,accounted for 20.6%of the total.SDS score was(43.60±12.30).(2)There was statistically difference in the proportion of people with or without anxiety in term of the degree of panic in the current outbreak(χ^2=10.511,P=0.033).There were statistically differences in panic level(χ^2=13.267,P=0.010)and perceived social support level(χ^2=18.896,P<0.001)between those with and without depressive symptoms.(3)Factors of mental disorders:people with severe panic were more likely to suffer from mental disorders(AOR=8.701,95%CI:2.169-34.901,P=0.002).There was a negative correlation between perceived social support and mental disorders(AOR=0.937,95%CI:0.909-0.967,P<0.001).Conclusion Anxiety,depression and other problems can occur to medical personnel,which are influenced by severe panic and low perceived social support.In the process of psychological interventions,we should make full use of various protective factors to reduce the psychological and social problems caused by public health emergencies.