种茎直接补种对甘蔗宿根性的影响——以2017年广西融水苗族自治县试验为例

Effects of Direct Replanting Seed Caneon Ratoon Sugarcane,a Case Study in Rongshui Miao Autonomous County,Guangxi in 2017

研究以品种‘桂辐98-296’(‘GF98-296’)种茎直接补种‘桂柳05-136’(‘GL05-136’)宿根蔗地对甘蔗农艺性状及其经济效益的影响,以解决甘蔗宿根缺株断垄问题,为推广“种茎直接补种新技术”提供科学依据。试验设‘GF98-296’种茎直接补种‘GL05-136’宿根蔗地(处理A)、‘GL05-136’种茎直接补种‘GL05-136’宿根蔗地(处理B)、不补种自然状态下‘GL05-136’宿根蔗地(CK),共3个处理;在‘GL05-136’宿根苗期2~4张叶片时期实施补种,到工艺成熟期调查3个处理甘蔗的农艺性状及其单位面积产量,并进行比较分析。结果表明:处理A产量为79.55 t/hm2,分别比CK、处理B增产19.29、13.91 t/hm2,增幅分别达32.01%、21.18%,且差异达极显著水平;处理B产量与CK差异不显著;直接补种不影响‘GL05-136’宿根蔗的发株、产量和蔗糖分;工艺成熟期时,‘GF98-296’蔗茎的蔗糖分与‘GL05-136’宿根蔗茎的相当。经济效益分析表明,以‘GF98-296’种茎直接补种‘GL05-136’宿根蔗地,蔗农增收5071.0元/hm2;制糖企业可增加工业产值15573.0元/hm2。表明‘GF98-296’适宜作为‘GL05-136’宿根蔗地种茎直接补种品种,可进行大面积示范和推广。

In order to explore the use of‘GF98-296’to solve the problem of seedlingless ridges in sugarcane roots,the effects on the agronomic traits of the directly replanted cane seed of‘GF98-296’in the‘GL05-136’ratoon were studied,which would provide a scientific basis for popularization and application.Three treatments including‘GF98-296’seed cane directly replanted in‘GL05-136’ratoon(A),‘GL05-136’seed cane directly replanted in‘GL05-136’ratoon(B)and‘GL05-136’natural ratoon(CK)were designed in this experiment.‘GF98-296’seed cane replanted was carried out in the 2–4 leaf stage of‘GL05-136’ratoon.The agronomic traits of the treatments were investigated and the economic benefits were analyzed in harvest stage.The yield of treatment A was 79.55 t/hm2,which increased 19.29 t/hm2 and 13.91 t/hm2,or 32.01%and 21.18%,respectively,compared with that of CK and treatment B,and the difference was extremely significant.There was no significant difference in yield between treatment B and CK.Direct replanting treatments did not affect the growth,yield and sucrose content of‘GL05-136’ratoon.The sucrose content of‘GF98-296’in treatment A was almost the same as that of‘GL05-136’ratoon at the technology maturity stage.Economic benefit analysis showed that sugarcane growers could increase income of 5071.0 yuan/hm2 and sugar enterprises increase industrial output of 15573.0 yuan/hm2 using‘GF98-296’seed cane directly replanting‘GL05-136’ratoon.The study indicated that‘GF98-296’was suitable for directly replanting‘GL05-136’ratoon,and this new technology should be extensively demonstrated and popularized.