含硫气体分子的中枢调控功能研究进展

Advances of the roles of sulfur-containing gaseous molecules in the central nervous system

作为常见的空气污染物,含硫气体分子硫化氢(hydrogen sulfide,H2S)和二氧化硫(sulfur dioxide,SO2)的毒性效应被广泛证实。在哺乳动物体内,H2S和SO2可由含硫氨基酸代谢内源性生成,参与心血管、消化、内分泌等多个系统的生理和病理生理过程。随着研究的不断深入,含硫气体分子的中枢调控功能不断被报道,广泛参与海马长时程增强易化、神经元凋亡和坏死、神经内分泌调节,与阿尔兹海默症、学习与记忆、抑郁症等关系密切。本文简单介绍了H2S和SO2在生物体的生成代谢途径,重点综述了上述两种含硫气体分子在中枢神经系统的调控功能及其机制。

Hydrogen sulfide(H2S) and sulfur dioxide(SO2), as two common air pollutants, have been widely investigated for their toxicological effects. In mammals, H2S and SO2, which can be endogenously derived from sulfur-containing amino acid in vivo, have been confirmed to participate many kinds of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Evidences have been accumulated to demonstrate that sulfur-containing gaseous molecules play an important role in central nervous system, which are widely involved in the long-term potentiation of hippocampus, neuron apoptosis and necrosis, neuroendocrine regulation and are closely related to Alzheimer’s disease, learning and memory, depression. This article overviews the metabolic pathways of H2S and SO2 in vivo and outlines the regulatory function and mechanism of sulfur-containing gas molecules in central nervous system.