基于多元素含量的统计学方法鉴别不同产地和田玉

Identification of Different Origins of Hetian Jade Based on Statistical Methods of Multi-Element Content

不同地区的和田玉由于成矿环境不同,有其各自的元素指纹特征。元素指纹分析技术具有分析速度快、分析成本低、判别率高等特点,元素指纹分析与多种统计学方法的结合运用是目前产地鉴别最有效的方法之一。尽管多元素指纹分析技术已经广泛地应用于多种作物的产地溯源研究中,但在和田玉的产地溯源研究中,多元素指纹分析技术研究尚属空白;和田玉产地鉴别对于其真假识别,产地溯源具有重要现实意义。该研究拟以多元素指纹分析技术对不同地区和田玉产地进行溯源分析。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)分别测定4个不同和田玉主产地45份和田玉样品中20种元素含量,结合单因素方差分析、主成分分析(PCA)和线性判别分析(LDA),建立判别模型,对和田玉产地进行鉴别。单因素方差分析结果表明,不同地区和田玉样品中元素组成差异显著(p<0.05);和田玉中主要微量元素为Fe,Zn,Cu和Ni等,重金属(Pb,Cd和As)较低;主成分分析表明,不同地区和田玉样品中的特征元素为Co,Fe,Rb,Zn,Cu,Cd,Ba,Sm和Sc等;应用线性判别分析建立了不同产地和田玉判别模型,4个地区和田玉整体判别正确率为99.2%,所建立的判别模型经交叉验证,95.5%分组观察值能正确分类,回代验证,分组正确率为100%。结果表明:Zn,K,Mg,Na,Ca,Mn共6种元素可作为不同地区溯源的多元素溯源表征指标。通过测定和田玉中多种元素含量,结合主成分分析(PCA)和线性判别分析(LDA)等方法,可对不同产地和田玉进行鉴别。多元素指纹分析技术结合多元统计学方法是用于和田玉产地判别的一种有效方法,建立的判别模型良好,可应用于实际生产中和田玉产地的区分。

Due to different mineralization environments,Hetian jade in different regions has its own elemental fingerprint characteristics.Elemental fingerprint analysis technology has the advantages of fast analysis speed,low analysis cost and high discriminant rate.It is one of the most effective methods for identification of origin to combine element fingerprint analysis and various statistical methods.However,multi-element fingerprint analysis technology has been widely used in the traceability research of various crops.It has not been used in the geographical origin of Hetian jade.The identification of Hetian jade origin,which has important significance for the identification and traceability of origin.Therefore,the objective of this study is to establish a model for geographical origin discrimination according to multi-element contents.The contents of 20 elements were determined by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)for 45 samples of Hetian jade from four producing areas of different regions.One-way ANOVA,principal component analysis(PCA)and linear discriminant analysis(LDA)were employed in the data analysis to screen out the significant elements.And then Fisher linear discrimination analysis was used to determine the origin of Hetian jade,and the discrimination models were developed.One-way ANOVA showed that the composition of elements in different origin Hetian jade samples was consistent with the expected significantly different(p<0.05).The results showed that the main trace elements in Hetian jade were Fe,Zn,Cu and Ni,and heavy metals(Pb,Cd and As)were lower.The discrimination models were developed by the discrimination analysis of the whole model method with six significant elements identified by PCA and LDA,and 100%correct classification,and 95.5%cross-validation was achieved by the models.The results show that Zn,K,Mg,Na,Ca,Mn can be used as multi-element traceability indicators for traceability in different regions.From the content of various elements in Hetian jade,Different origins and jade can be identified by principal component analysis(PCA)and linear discriminant analysis(LDA).It is a promising approach to classify the geographical origin of Hetian jade based on multi-element fingerprints analysis combined with multivariate statistical analysis.The discrimination models are good enough to be applied in the origin traceability of Hetian jade.