航天器内超宽带无线信道模型研究

A study of model for Ultra-Wideband Wireless Channel in Spacecraft

超宽带无线技术取代有线通信有助于降低航天器的重量与发射成本。相比传统窄带通信,超宽带无线通信具有抗干扰能力强的优势,是航天器轻小型化的重要技术储备。针对航天器内无线通信的信道特点,采用射线追踪与一致性几何绕射理论相结合的方法,探究了航天器内部结构对于信道特性的影响。仿真结果表明,内部空间的增加导致更宽的时延扩展;非视距传播相对于视距传播会导致更严重的路径损耗与时延扩展。同时,通过搭建超宽带通信实验系统并在航天器模型内部进行测试,验证了在航天器内部进行超宽带无线通信的可行性与可靠性。

Ultra-wideband wireless technology can help reduce the weight and launch costs of spacecraft by repla⁃cing wired communications.Compared with traditional narrow-band communication,UWB wireless communication has the advantage of strong anti-interference ability and is an important technical reserve for spacecraft lightweight miniaturization.Aiming at the channel characteristics of wireless communication in spacecraft,this paper uses the combination of ray tracing and uniform geometrical theory of diffraction to explore the influence of the internal struc⁃ture of the spacecraft on the channel characteristics.The simulation results show that the increase of internal space leads to higher delay spread,and non-line-of-sight propagation leads to more path loss and higher delay spread than line-of-sight propagation.At the same time,the UWB communication experiment system is built and tested,which verifies the feasibility and reliability of UWB wireless communication in the spacecraft.