一种长隧道内高速列车实时高精度定位方法

Integrated Positioning Method Based on INS/RFID of High-speed Trains in Long Tunnel

全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)被广泛应用在用户可视卫星足够的情况下,但在隧道这种卫星不可视的复杂环境中无法正常工作,若单纯依靠列车上的捷联惯导系统(SINS)进行定位又会导致误差随距离和时间的推移而大量累积。针对长距离隧道内高速列车难以实时高精度定位的问题,提出一种解决方法。方法基于SINS/RFID组合技术,利用射频识别(RFID)标签在隧道内部对SINS进行校准从而减少SINS的累积误差,通过卡尔曼滤波技术进行数据融合,进而得到实时高精度的列车位置信息。仿真结果表明,利用上述方法可以达到厘米级的定位精度,验证了所提方法针对长距离隧道内高速列车实时高精度定位的有效性。

The global navigation satellite system is widely applied when the number of the visible satellite is e⁃nough.But it cannot work in tunnel where the satellite is invisible for long time and the position error can accumulate a lot with the distance and time growing when positioning only by the strapdown inertial navigation system(SINS).An integrated navigation method based on SINS/RFID is proposed to overcome the problem that the high-speed train can hardly get real-time and high accuracy position in the long tunnel.By setting RFID tags to calibrate the SINS,it can reduce the cumulative error and make data fusion with Kalman filter in order to get high accuracy information.The re⁃sult of simulation proves the effectiveness of the proposed real-time high-speed train positioning method with high ac⁃curacy in the long tunnel and it can achieve the accuracy of position at centimeter-level.