福州马尾区空气臭氧污染的特征及成因分析

The characteristics and cause analysis of ozone pollution in the Mawei district of Fuzhou City

基于福州市马尾区2017—2019年5个环境空气自动监测站大气监测数据,分析马尾区近3年的臭氧污染特征及变化规律,并探讨臭氧与重要前体物NOx、VOCs以及气象条件的相关性.研究表明:马尾区臭氧污染程度较轻,但臭氧浓度近年来总体呈上升态势;月际变化呈现“双峰”分布,且通常秋季臭氧浓度高于其他季节;单日臭氧浓度往往从早上7点开始快速攀升,至中午12点到下午4点之间出现高峰值,而后持续下降,呈现较为典型的大气光化学日变化特征;靠近入海口片区臭氧污染较其他片区严重.马尾区NOx和VOCs区域本底值较低,臭氧与前体物NOx浓度呈负相关;臭氧污染主要受气象条件和华东、华北地区或城市臭氧污染输入的影响,太阳辐射强、高温、湿度较大、低风速等气象条件易造成臭氧浓度超标.

Based on the data of 2017-2019 from five automatic air monitoring stations located in Mawei Area of Fuzhou City,this paper has studied the characteristics and patterns of change of pollution of ozone concentration nearly 3 years,and discussed the correlation between ozone and important precursors NOx,VOCs and meteorological conditions.The outcome shows that the degree of ozone pollution in Mawei Area is relatively light,but the ozone concentration has been on the rise in recent years.Moon-to-moon changes show a“twin peak”distribution,and ozone concentrations are usually higher in autumn than in other seasons.Single-day ozone concentrations tend to climb rapidly from 7 a.m.to peak between 12 p.m.and 4 p.m.,and then continue to decline,showing more typical atmospheric photochemical day-change characteristics.Ozone pollution in the area near the mouth of the sea is more serious than in other areas.Regional VOCs and NOx background values are lower in Mawei Area,and ozone is negatively related to the concentration of NOx of presumed bodies,ozone pollution is mainly affected by meteorological conditions and ozone pollution input from East China,North China and cities.Meteorological conditions such as strong solar radiation,high temperature,high humidity and low wind speed can easily cause ozone concentration to exceed the standard.