绵阳市5所三级甲等医院外科护士职业性腰背痛现状调查

Survey on status of occupational low back pain among surgical nurses in five grade-A tertiary hospitals in Mianyang City

目的调查绵阳市三级甲等医院外科护士职业性腰背痛现状并分析其影响因素,为提升护士职业性防护提供参考依据。方法 2019年2—4月,采用便利抽样法,选取绵阳市5所三级甲等医院648名外科护士作为调查对象。采用一般资料问卷进行调查,腰背痛诊断标准参照王金堂等主编的《骨科学》腰背痛诊断。采用描述性分析、单因素分析和二元logistic回归分析对相关影响因素分析。结果外科护士腰背痛的患病率为87.65%。二元logistic回归分析显示,职称(OR=11.252,95%CI=3.646~37.761)、工龄(OR=0.190,95%CI=0.073~0.493)、日均弯腰次数(OR=3.421,95%CI=1.476~7.931)、工均弯腰时间(OR=4.787,95%CI=1.684~13.606)、夜班频次(OR=16.362,95%CI=3.997~66.987)、参加腰背痛预防相关职业培训(OR=0.235,95%CI=0.065~0.991)、工作强度(OR=9.607,95%CI=3.057~30.198)、防护措施(OR=0.216,95%CI=0.051~0.919)是外科护士职业性腰背痛的主要影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论绵阳市三级甲等医院外科护士职业性腰背痛发生率高。临床护理管理者应根据影响因素创造磁性护理环境,加强职业防护相关培训,提升护士职业防护意识,促进护理队伍健康发展。

Objective To investigate the status of occupational low back pain in surgical nurses in five grade-A tertiary hospitals From February to April in 2019, 648 surgical nurses from five grade-A tertiary hospitals of Mianyang City were selected using the convenient sampling method. The general information questionnaire was used for investigation. The diagnostic criteria for low back pain refer to "Orthopaedics" edited by Wang Jintang and others. Descriptive analysis, univariate analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the relevant influencing factors. Results The prevalence of low back pain in surgical nurses was 87.65%. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the job title(OR=11.252, 95%CI=3.646-37.761), working age(OR=0.190, 95%CI=0.073-0.493), average number of daily bending(OR=3.421, 95%CI=1.476-7.931), average bending time at work(OR=4.787, 95%CI=1.684-13.606), frequency of night shifts(OR=16.362, 95%CI=3.997-66.987), participation in vocational training related to back pain prevention(OR=0.235, 95%CI=0.065-0.991), work intensity(OR=9.607, 95%CI=3.057-30.198),protective measures(OR=0.216, 95%CI=0.051-0.919) were the main influencing factors of occupational low back pain in surgical nurses. Conclusion The prevalence of occupational low back pain is high among surgical nurses in grade-A tertiary hospitals of Mianyang City. Clinical nursing managers should create a magnetic nursing environment based on influencing factors, strengthen training related to occupational protection, improve nurses’ awareness of occupational protection, and promote the healthy development of the nursing team.