贫穷感量表在我国军人群体中的应用及量表信效度

Application of Poverty Sense Scale in Chinese military personnel and its reliability and validation

目的检验贫穷感量表在中国军人群体中应用的信效度,为现役军人贫穷感研究提供参考工具。方法 2018—2019年,选取4个军事单位共434名军人施测《贫穷感量表》和生命史策略《Mini-K量表》,进行验证性因素分析、共时效度、效标效度、内部一致性信度、分半信度和重测信度分析,并比较不同人口学资料军人贫穷感差异。结果贫穷感量表5维度模型拟合度高(χ~2/df=180.756,CFI=0.959,NFI=0.930,TLI=0.947,RMSEA=0.054),结构效度较好;量表总分与各维度分及与MiniK量表显著相关(r=-0.41^-0.27,P<0.01),具有良好的共时效度和效标效度;量表克隆巴赫α系数、分半信度和3个月后重测信度都在0.6以上,具有较高的信度。结论贫穷感量表符合心理测量学基本要求,在中国军人样本中具有较高的信度和效度,可以作为一种测量官兵心理贫穷感的测量工具。

Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of Poverty Sense Scale(PSS) in Chinese military personnel, provides a reference tool for the study of the sense of poverty in the military personnel. Methods From 2018 to 2019, a total of 450 military personnel from four military units were selected to finish the PSS and Mini-K Scale for the analysis on confirmatory factor, concurrent validity, criterion validity, internal consistency, split-half reliability and test-retest reliability. The differences of poverty sense among military personnel with different demographic data were compared. Results The five-dimensional model of PSS has a high degree of fit(χ~2/df=180.756, CFI=0.959, NFI=0.930, TLI=0.947, RMSEA=0.054) and good structural validity.The total score of PSS and dimension score were significantly correlated with Mini-K scale(r=-0.41--0.27,均P<0.01), which suggested it has criterion validity and concurrent validity. The Cronbach’s α coefficients, splithalfreliability and test-retest reliability after three months were all above 0.6, showing a high reliability. Conclusion The PSS meets the basic requirements of psychometrics and has high reliability and validity in the Chinese military sample. It can be used as a measure to investigate the poverty sense in Chinese military personnel.