乡村振兴背景下农村土地生产经营模式与农民权益保护

Rural Land Production and Management Mode and Protection of Farmers’ Rights and Interests under the Background of Rural Revitalization

土地作为人类最底层的生产要素,与劳动者、生产技术及其他生产资料结合形成了不同的农业生产经营模式和不同主体间权益关系。通过梳理新中国农村土地生产经营模式及其国内实践的历史沿革,并进一步分析现行经营模式中各主体间的权益关系,阐述保护农民土地生产经营权益对乡村振兴的意义在于激发内在活力、积累外在资本和汇聚支持力量。最后,从明晰农村土地产权、减少基层政府的不当干预、发挥市场土地流转决定性作用和建立农民风险补偿机制四个方面为有效保护农民权益提供政策建议,以保障多元经营模式的良性稳定发展。

As the lowest production factor of human being,land is combined with laborers,production technology and other means of production to form different agricultural production and management modes,relationshipof rights and interests among different subjects.Based on the historical evolution and domestic practice of new China’s rural land production and management modes,this paper further analyzes the relationship between the main body’s rights and interests in the current management mode,and holds that the significance of protecting farmers’land production and management rights for Rural Revitalization lies in stimulating internal vitality,accumulating external capital and gathering support forces.Finally,In order to ensure the benign and stable development of the diversified management model,this paper provides policy suggestions to effectively protect the rights and interests of farmers from four aspects:clarifying the property rights of rural land,reducing the improper intervention of grass-roots government,playing the decisive role of market land circulation and establishing agricultural risk compensation mechanism.