建国初期国营电影制片厂故事片制作考略(1949-1952)

Study on Feauture Film Production by State-owned Film Studios at the Early Period of the Republic(1949-1952)

建国初期,国营东北、北京和上海电影制片厂直属文化部电影局。在业务上,故事片剧本由电影局组织、审查和分配,导演由电影局指定;在财务上,制片厂未实行独立的经济核算,其开支由电影局负责,影片发行收入也通过国营电影发行机构集中到电影局。这种管理体制的好处是中央的意志可以比较顺利地推行,相对较少受地方、制片厂和电影工作者意志的影响;缺点是集中过多,不能充分发挥地方、制片厂和电影工作者的积极性。

At the early period of the Republic,the state-owned film studios in Northeast,Beijing and Shanghai were directly affiliated to the Film Bureau of the Ministry of Culture.Administratively,the Film Bureau organized,censored and distributed screenplays,as well as designating directors.Financially,the film studios didn’t have independent business accountings,and all the expenditures were covered by the Film Bureau,to which the film distribution revenues would be submitted through state-owned film distributors.The advantage of such a management system is that the government’s policy could be successfully implemented,with relatively less influence from the local government,film studios and practitioners’preferences;while the disadvantage is that too much centralization made it hard for the local government,film studios and practitioners to fully activate their initiatives.