20世纪中美跨国书写中的上海大革命叙事

Shanghai Revolution Narratives in Sino-American Transnational Writings of the 20th Century

上海以其华洋杂处的独特历史与文化,在美国的海外书写中占有相当重要的地位。上海现代性中不仅包含经济文化方面的引领性,也有西学东渐后的激进表达形式——革命。上海不仅诞生了中国共产党和众多民主党派,也始终是工人和学生运动的中心。赛珍珠、何巴特和斯通等一批美国女性作家,在其跨国书写中特别关注上海的革命运动,尤其是作为革命的推动者与主力军的青年知识分子,籍由上海革命推演中国革命的发展机理。尽管她们对中国本土性的把握有一定的合理性,但她们对上海革命的分析均带有相当的恩抚主义成分,过度强调了美国的样板作用,这是她们的局限所在。

Shanghai as a Chinese city is world-famous for its cultural hybridity and plays a significant role in American writings of overseas world.Shanghai modernity is not only an economic and cultural term,but also a radical expression of conflicts between imported western thoughts and Chinese traditions—revolution.Shanghai is the birth place of Chinese Communist Party as well as a number of democratic parties,and has witnessed all the major workers’and students’movements in modern Chinese history.Pearl Buck,Alice Hobart,Grace Stone and other influential transnational writers,in the hope to understand Chinese revolution in general,all paid attention to young Chinese intellectuals who initiated and pushed forward revolutions.However,their attitude to revolutions features paternalism,overstressing the model role of American modernity for China and bypassing their limitation in Chinese experience.