日语教学视野下的商务场景电子邮件中请求言语行为的分析

An Analysis of the Speech Act of Request in Business E-mails from the Perspective of Japanese Teaching

本文使用DP理论,以从跨国公司的商务往来中收集的114封电子邮件为数据,对电子邮件中的两组(S组、B组)不同立场发信人的请求行为进行了考察,发现S组邮件与B组邮件各自请求行为的“基本态”存在差异,S组邮件基本态为“预告请求(主题)—寒暄—开场白—情况说明—请求—道歉—结束话题”7个表述过程,而B组中只有“预告请求(主题)—寒暄—情况说明—请求”4个表述过程。两组邮件表述连锁链存在差异的原因在于“社会距离”“相对权势”“心理负担程度”等“面子风险”影响因素的不同。

Based on the data collected from 114 commercial corresponding e-mails of some multinational companies,this paper uses discourse politeness theory and makes a study on the request behaviors of the senders’positions of the said e-mails which are divided into two different groups,Group S and B,and it is found that to the“discourse politeness default”of the request behaviors,there exists differences between Group S and B.Group S covers 7 description processes,e.g.“early noticed request(subject)-greetings-opening remarks-representation-request-apology-closing”,while Group B only covers 4 description processes,e.g.“early noticed request(subject)-greetings-representation-request”.The reasons for the differences in description processes lie in the differences of“social distance”,“power”and“ranking of imposition”,namely the“face risk”.