德国城镇化进程中的教育改革及启示

Education Reform in the Process of German Urbanization and its Enlightenment

德国的城镇化进程在第二次工业革命后迅速发展,一战前达到60%,二战后迅速恢复重建并进入高度城镇化阶段。德国在城镇化进程中进行了一系列教育改革,包括确立教育立国的思想,把发展教育作为振兴国家的主要途径、首创实科教育,将科学知识引入教育之中、构建横纵贯通的现代职业教育体系、大批优秀的教育家涌现促进了近代教育理论体系的逐步确立。上述经验启示我国,教育改革应具有超前性,才能适应城镇化发展的需求、构建现代职业教育体系是教育推动城镇化发展的关键、把城镇化背景与教育理论研究结合起来,促进教育理论创新。

Germany’s urbanization process developed rapidly after the second industrial revolution,reaching 60%before the first World War.After the Second World War,Germany quickly recovered the rebuilding and entered the stage of high urbanization.In the process of urbanization,Germany has carried out a series of educational reforms,including the idea of establishing the country through education,making the development of education as the main way to revitalize the country,creating practical education and introducing scientific knowledge into education,constructing a horizontal and vertical modern vocational education system.And a large number of outstanding educators have promoted the gradual establishment of the modern education theory system.The above experience enlightens our country that education reform should be ahead of time to meet the needs of urbanization development,the construction of modern vocational education system is the key to promote the development of education urbanization.The Combination of urbanization background and education theory research can promote the innovation of education theory.