地震电阻率实验研究新进展及展望

New progress and prospect of earthquake-related resistivity experiments

准确的地震预报是减轻地震灾害的有效手段之一.地电阻率是一种被证实了的、有效的地震前兆参量,在我国自1966年以来的地震监测预报工作中发挥了且正在发挥着重要的作用.伴随着地电阻率在地震监测预报中的应用,关于电阻率变化特征和规律及其机理的实/试验从上世纪60年代以来从未间断.在实/试验中,主要采用了单极距观测系统.它的测量值代表了其探测深度到地表的整个深度层的综合效应,无法确定地下各层的贡献.为此,一些研究者探索新的地电阻率观测系统,进行了地电阻率多极距和电阻率层析成像观测的实/试验研究.本文对单极距观测系统的实/试验结果进行了简述,详细介绍、总结了多极距和电阻率层析成像观测的实/试验研究状况,最后提出了进一步研究的可能方向.

Precise prediction is an effective way to prevent earthquake and reduce disaster.Geoelectrical resistivity is a proofed and effective earthquake precursor and has played and been playing important role in earthquake monitoring and prediction in our homeland since 1966.Lab/field experiments on characteristics,trend and mechanism of resistivity changes have not been ceased since 1960s associated with the applications of geoelectrical resistivity in earthquake monitoring and prediction.Single-separation array observation system has been primarily employed in these experiments.The measured resistivity by this system stands for the general contribution from its detection depth to the surface.As a result,the contribution from each layer cannot be determined by this system.Consequently,some workers have explored new observation systems and conducted experiments in lab/field on multi-separation array observation and electrical resistivity tomography.In the present paper,experimental results from single-separation array observation system are briefly described,while those from multi-separation array observation and electrical resistivity tomography are introduced and generalized in detail,and at last possible new research interests are suggested.