基于泸州市医患关系调查浅谈医学生职业素养的培养

An approach to the cultivation of medicine majors’professional quality based on an investigation of the doctor-patient relationships in Luzhou City

目的了解泸州市医务人员、患者对医患关系的认知,为医学生日后改善医患关系提供参考。方法随机分层抽样抽取泸州市11所医院对130名医务人员、184例患者或家属进行自编问卷调查,并将两类人群的调查结果进行统计分析。结果医患双方认为医患关系紧张的占比分别为33.08%,15.22%(P<0.05);医患双方大多认为医患关系应为共同参与型,占比分别为48.46%,36.41%(P<0.05);医患双方认为医患相处时应重视的方面分别是医德和减少患者开支,占比分别为81.54%,46.20%(P<0.05);医患双方大多认为阻碍医患沟通的主要原因是医患之间知识背景差异大,占比分别为50.00%,42.93%(P<0.05);患者认为医患关系紧张与医患沟通不畅的联系非常大和很大(60.32%)的比例高于认为联系不大和没有关系的比例(10.33%);医患双方对于是否同意子女从医的意向不同(P<0.05);大多数患者最不满意医院工作中的前台服务,占比为54.89%。结论医患关系紧张主要原因是医患沟通障碍,医患双方认知差异显著等,医学生应该多参与社会实践活动,早临床多临床,充分认识并了解患者的心理及诉求,从医学学习阶段开始缩小医患认知差异,提高沟通能力,为日后和谐的医患关系打好基础。

Objective To understand the cognition of Luzhou medical staff and patients on the doctor-patient relationship and to provide a reference for medicine majors to improve the doctor-patient relationship in the future.Methods A self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted among 130 medical personnel,184 patients or their families in 11 hospitals in Luzhou City through random stratified sampling,and the survey results of the two groups of people were counted and analyzed.Results The proportion of belief in tensions between doctors and patients among the doctors and the patients in question was respectively 33.08%and 15.22%(P<0.05).Most of the doctors and the patients in question believed that the doctor-patient relationship should be of a mutual participation model,and the proportion was 48.46%and 36.41%respectively(P<0.05).Both the doctors and the patients in question believed that medical ethics and patient expenditure should be paid attention to when doctors and patients get along,and the proportion was 81.54%and 46.20%respectively(P<0.05).Most of the doctors and the patients in question believed that the main hindrance to the communication between doctors and patients is the large gap of knowledge background between doctors and patients,and the proportion was 50.00%and 42.93%respectively(P<0.05).The proportion of the patients in question who believed in much and great connection between tensions between doctors and patients and hindered communication between doctors and patients was 60.32%,larger than that of those who believed in little connection or no relation(10.33%).The doctors and the patients in question held different opinions on whether to allow their children to be engaged in medicine(P<0.05).Most of the patients in question were least satisfied with the front desk service in hospital work,and their proportion was 54.89%.Conclusion The main reasons for tensions between doctors and patients are the communication barrier and the significant cognitive difference between them.Medicine majors should participate in as many social practice activities as possible,engage in clinical practice early and much,fully recognize and understand patients’psychology and demands,so as to reduce the cognitive difference between doctors and patients from the stage of medical learning,improve communication ability,and lay a solid foundation for harmonious doctor-patient relationships in the future.