早产儿及足月儿新生儿败血症临床特征比较

A Comparative Analysis of the Clinical Characteristics of Septicemia in Preterm and Term Infants

目的比较分析早产儿及足月儿新生儿败血症临床特征。方法回顾性分析2019年2月—2020年2月本院78例新生儿败血症患儿的临床资料,以出生时是否足月作为依据分为早产组和足月组,观察两组高危因素及致病菌分布情况,并对其临床特征进行总结归纳。结果早产组有创操作、羊水污染、胎膜早破、母体感染等高危因素占比分别为43.59%、30.77%、43.59%、23.08%,均高于足月组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);足月组革兰阴性菌感染率为5.13%,低于早产组的20.51%,革兰阳性菌感染率为92.31%,高于早产组的74.36%,比较差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);两组真菌感染率比较差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论深入了解足月儿与早产儿新生儿败血症高危因素和致病菌的分布情况,利于医生选择合适的治疗方案,提高抗生素药物使用的合理性,从而促进患儿预后恢复。

Objective To compare and analyze the clinical characteristics of sepsis in preterm and term infants.Methods The clinical data of 78 cases of neonatal septicemia in our hospital from February 2019 to February 2020 were analyzed retrospectively.They were divided into preterm group and term group according to whether they were born at full term.The distribution of high risk factors and pathogens in the two groups were observed,and the clinical characteristics were summarized.Results The proportion of high-risk factors such as invasive operation,amniotic fluid pollution,premature rupture of membranes and maternal infection in the preterm labor group was 43.59%,30.77%,43.59%and 23.08%,respectively,which were all higher than those in the term group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The infection rate of gram-negative bacteria in the term group was 5.13%,lower than that of the preterm group(20.51%),and the gram-positive infection rate was 92.31%,higher than that of the preterm group(74.36%),with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in fungal infection rate between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Selection of appropriate treatment,and the rational use of antibiotics,so as to promote the recovery of the prognosis of children.