乡村振兴战略下退役士兵职业教育“四圈同心”生态圈的构建

Construction of “Four Circles of Concentric Ecosystem” in the Vocational Education of Retired Soldiers under the Strategy of Rural Revitalization

退役士兵职业教育长期坚守的面向城镇化、工业化服务的方向,迎来了乡村振兴战略机遇的时代挑战。时空证明,退役士兵职业教育服务乡村振兴的逻辑生成,至少有历史逻辑、空间逻辑、实践逻辑三个向度不可忽视,这不仅体现了士兵教育文化的一脉相承,农村人才复兴的生态基础,更体现了院校以退役士兵教育为中介向乡村的知识溢出效应。但是,从教育生态学的视角剖析,当前的退役士兵职业教育的生态系统,尚存在着主体维度上生命共同体的缺位、结构维度上培训生态链的缺短、环境维度上要素融合体的缺损及机制维度上评价复合体的缺然等问题,还不能充分发挥其助力乡村战略实施的作用。因此,需要以培养乡村适用人才为核心,基于校政合作、校村合作、校企合作、校校合作打造的"地域圈"、"专业圈"、"岗位圈"及"学习圈"等四个圈层的"四圈同心"生态圈,以优化退役士兵职业教育服务乡村发展的人才培养生态系统。

The long-term orientation toward urbanization and industrialization of vocational education for retired soldiers has ushered an era challenge of the strategy of rural revitalization. Time and space prove that the logic generation of vocational education for retired soldiers serving rural revitalization cannot ignore at least three dimensions: historical logic, spatial logic and practical logic. It not only embodies the cultural inheritance of soldiers education, the ecological foundation of rural talents to revive, but also reflects the knowledge spillover effect of colleges and universities taking retired soldiers education as the intermediary to rural areas. However, from the perspective of educational ecology, there are still some problems in the ecosystem of vocational education for retired soldiers, such as the absence of life community in subject dimension, the deficiency of training system in structure dimension, the lack of elements combination in environment dimension and the incomplete evaluation combination, which cannot fully play its role in assisting the implementation of rural strategy. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a "four circles of concentric ecosystem" for retired soldiers in vocational education with the core of cultivating suitable rural talents to optimize the retired soldiers vocational education of rural economic and social development ecosystem. Specifically, the "four circles of concentric ecosystem" contains the "Regional Circle" based on the cooperation between the educational institutions and the government, the "Professional Circle" based on the cooperation between educational institutions and villages, the "Post Circle" based on the cooperation between educational institutions and enterprises, and the "Learning Circle" based on the cooperation among educational institutions.