某医学院校新生生涯适应力与抑郁焦虑症状的关联

Association among career adaptability and depression and anxiety symptoms of freshmen in a medical college

目的分析某医学院校新生生涯适应力与抑郁和焦虑症状的关联.方法选取安徽省某医科院校1302名大一在校新生为研究对象,采用大学生生涯适应力问卷(college students'career adaptability questionnaire,CSCAQ)、抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)和焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)进行调查,应用Logistic回归分析模型分析生涯适应力与抑郁和焦虑症状的关联.结果调整人口统计学指标后,中等和低水平生涯适应力新生抑郁症状的检出率分别是高等水平生涯适应力的1.613倍(95%CI:1.165~2.234)和5.213倍(95%CI:3.772~7.204),焦虑症状的检出率分别是高等水平的1.583倍(95%CI:1.066~2.351)和3.340倍(95%CI:2.292~4.866).随着生涯适应力降低,新生抑郁和焦虑症状的检出率呈上升趋势.生涯人际、生涯关注、生涯好奇、生涯自信、生涯控制和生涯调适6个因子均与抑郁、焦虑症状存在相似的关联特征(均有P<0.05).结论低生涯适应力与抑郁、焦虑症状的增加相关,提示生涯适应力的提升可能有助于提高医学院新生心理健康水平.

Objective To analyze the association between freshmen's career adaptability and symptoms of depression and anxiety in a medical university.Methods A total of 1302 freshmen were recruited from a medical university in Anhui Province to participate in this study.They were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire,including college students’career adaptability questionnaire(CSCAQ),self-depression scale(SDS)and self-anxiety scale(SAS).Logistic regression models were used to investigate the relationship among career adaptability and depression and anxiety symptoms.Results After adjusting for demographic indicators,the risk of depressive symptoms in freshmen with medium and low-level career adaptability were 1.613 times(95%CI:1.165-2.234)and 5.213 times(95%CI:3.772-7.204)higher than those with high career adaptability,respectively.The risk of anxiety symptoms in freshmen with medium and low-level career adaptability were 1.583 times(95%CI:1.066-2.351)and 3.340 times(95%CI:2.292-4.866)higher than those with high career adaptability,respectively.With the decrease of career adaptability,the detection rates of depression and anxiety symptoms in fresh-men were increased.Career interpersonal relations,career concern,career curiosity,career self-confidence,career control and career adjustment all had similar correlations with depression and anxiety symptoms(all P<0.05).Conclusions Low-level career adaptability is positively correlated with the increase of depression and anxiety symptoms,suggesting that the improvement of career adaptability is related to the promotion of the mental health of freshmen in medical university.