先天性消化道畸形的影响因素

Analysis of influence factors on congenital digestive tract malformation

目的探讨先天性消化道畸形的相关危险因素.方法于2019年3―4月采用自编问卷对某院2015―2018年住院的消化道畸形患儿(n=54)和同期同科室入院的非消化道畸形患儿(n=60)及其父亲和母亲在孕前及孕期的基本生活情况进行调查.结果单因素分析结果显示:性别、孕周、出生体重、母亲年龄、孕期咖啡因、多种维生素的补充、父亲年龄及父亲在孕妇受孕3月前吸烟与先天性消化道畸形的发生有关.Logistic回归分析模型分析结果显示:男性新生儿为消化道畸形的高危因素(OR=7.168,P<0.001);孕期多种维生素的补充为消化道畸形的保护因素(OR=0.103,P=0.004);父亲在孕妇受孕3月前吸烟>5支/d是消化道畸形的危险因素(OR=2.833,P=0.005).结论男性新生儿、父亲在孕妇受孕3月前吸烟>5支/d为消化道畸形的高危因素,母亲孕期多种维生素的补充为消化道畸形的保护因素.

Objective To explore risk factors related to congenital digestive tract malformation.Methods From March to April 2019,a self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate parental risk factors before and during pregnancy with digestive tract malformation(n=54,case group)and newborns with non-digestive tract malformation in the same department(n=60,control group)from 2015 to 2018.Results Univariate analysis showed that gender,gestational weeks,birth weight,maternal age,caffeine or multivitamin exposure during pregnancy,age of father and father smoking before 3 months of pregnancy were associated with the occurrence of congenital gastrointestinal malformations.Logistic regression analy-sis showed that male neonates were at high risk for digestive tract malformation(P<0.001,OR=7.168).Multivitamin supplementation during pregnancy was a protective factor for digestive tract malformation(P=0.004,OR=0.103).Fathers smoking greater than 5/day before 3 months of pregnancy was a risk factor for digestive tract malformations(P=0.005,OR=2.833).Conclusions Male neonates,fathers smoking greater than 5/day before 3 months of pregnancy were high risk factors for digestive tract mal-formation and multivitamin supplementation during pregnancy was a protective factor for digestive tract malformation.