甲状腺癌术后^131I治疗前患者疾病体验的质性研究

Disease experience of postoperative patients with thyroid cancer before ^131I treatment:a qualitative research

目的深入了解甲状腺癌术后131I治疗前患者的困难、需求和疾病体验,为制订针对性支持方案提供依据。方法采用目的抽样法,对15例甲状腺癌术后131I治疗前患者进行半结构式访谈,并采用Colaizzi 7步分析法对访谈资料进行分析、归纳和主题提炼。结果甲状腺癌术后131I治疗前患者的疾病体验主要包含5个主题:躯体不适症状显著;负性情绪强烈;疾病相关信息需求较高;社会适应不良;调整心态,见证自我成长。结论甲状腺癌术后131I治疗前患者有明显的消极疾病体验,但同时也具有一定程度的积极疾病体验,医护人员应关注该时期患者的不适症状和需求,并以此为依据构建系统且针对性的居家照护方案,提升延续照护水平,改善患者疾病体验和生活质量。

Objective To deeply understand the difficulties,needs and disease experience of postoperative patients with thyroid cancer before 131I treatment so as to provide a basis for formulating targeted support programs.Methods Purpose sampling method was used to conduct the semi-structured interview with 15 postoperative patients with thyroid cancer before 131I treatment,and the Colaizzi 7-step analysis method was applied to analysis,summary and theme refinement of the interview data.Results Disease experience of postoperative patients with thyroid cancer before 131I treatment mainly included 5 themes:significant physical discomfort symptoms,strong negative emotions,high demand for disease-related information,social maladjustment,adjusting mentality and witnessing self-growth.Conclusions Postoperative patients with thyroid cancer before 131I treatment have obvious negative disease experience,but also have a certain degree of positive disease experience.Medical and nursing staff should pay attention to the discomfort symptoms and needs of patients during this period,and build a systematic and targeted home care plan based on this so as to improve the level of continuous nursing,patients'disease experience and quality of life.