基于行为改变理论的远程营养干预在2型糖尿病患者饮食管理中的应用

Application of remote nutritional intervention based on behavior change theory in diet management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

目的观察基于行为改变理论的远程糖尿病营养干预对2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者膳食模式和健康饮食行为的影响。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2018年6月—2019年6月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院治疗出院后随访的T2DM患者197例,根据患者住院病历号的末尾数,单号者93例纳入对照组,双号者104例纳入试验组。对照组接受常规的营养干预,试验组在常规随访干预的基础上,基于行为改变理论结合微信公众号对患者进行远程营养干预。比较两组干预前和干预6个月后两组患者膳食模式和健康饮食行为的情况。结果干预6个月后,试验组总体膳食模式合理患者64例,对照组39例,差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.562,P<0.05)。干预6个月后,试验组健康饮食行为评分7.00 (1.97,11.11)分,对照组为4.68,(1.40,6.91)分,差异有统计学意义(Z=11.536,P<0.01)。结论与常规的随访干预相比,基于行为改变理论的远程糖尿病营养干预可以更好地规范T2DM患者的膳食模式,改善健康饮食行为。

Objective To observe effects of remote diabetes nutritional intervention based on behavior change theory on dietary patterns and healthy dietary behaviors of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods Using the convenient sampling method,197 patients with T2DM who were treated and followed up in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from June 2018 to June 2019 were selected.According to the ending number of inpatient medical records,93 patients with single number were included in the control group,and 104 patients with double number were included in the experimental group.The control group was given routine nutritional intervention,while the experimental group was given remote nutritional intervention based on behavioral change theory and WeChat official account on the basis of routine follow-up intervention.The dietary patterns and healthy dietary behaviors of the two groups before intervention and 6 months after the intervention were compared.Results After 6 months of intervention,there were 64 patients in the experimental group and 39 in the control group with reasonable overall dietary pattern,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=7.562,P<0.05).After 6 months of intervention,the score of healthy dietary behavior in the experimental group was 7.00(1.97,11.11)and that in the control group was 4.68,(1.40,6.91),and the difference was statistically significant(Z=11.536,P<0.01).Conclusions Compared with routine follow-up intervention,remote diabetes nutritional intervention based on behavior change theory can better regulate the dietary patterns of T2DM patients and improve healthy dietary behaviors.