上海市嘉定区1996—2016年结直肠癌流行规律分析

Epidemic trend of colorectal cancer in Jiading District,Shanghai from 1996 to 2016

目的探讨上海市嘉定区结直肠癌流行趋势与时空特征,为结直肠癌防控措施以及卫生资源合理分配提供依据。方法收集上海市1996—2016年嘉定区结直肠癌发病数据,计算标化发病率,采用时空扫描统计分析结直肠癌发病的空间聚集性。结果1996—2016年上海市嘉定区共报告大肠癌4279例,发病率为36.2/10万,标化发病率为16.4/10万。结肠癌占58.0%,标化发病率总体呈上升趋势,并伴有波动性。直肠癌发病例数与标化发病率低于结肠癌,占42.0%。男性结肠癌和直肠癌标化发病率普遍高于女性,且结肠癌与直肠癌的分街道标化发病率存在明显差异。空间扫描统计检测到1个聚集群,并有2个群集的结肠癌和1个群集的直肠癌年龄别分布在统计上显著不同于圆外的其余区域。结论上海市嘉定区结直肠癌发病总体呈上升趋势,且其发病可能存在空间聚集性趋势,本研究结果能为结直肠癌防控与资源分配提供参考。

Objective To explore the epidemic trend and spatio-temporal characteristics of colorectal cancer in Jiading District of Shanghai,China,and to provide evidence for prevention and control of colorectal cancer and rational allocation of health resources.Methods The data of colorectal cancer in Jiading District of Shanghai from 1996 to 2016 was collected.The incidence rate was calculated,and spatial and temporal scanning was used to analyze the spatial aggregation of colorectal cancer.Results From 1996 to 2016,a total of 4279 cases of colorectal cancer were reported in Jiading District of Shanghai,with a crude incidence of 36.2/100000 and a standardized incidence of 16.4/100000.Colon cancer accounted for 58.0%,the standardized incidence of colon cancer was on the rise with fluctuation.The number and incidence of rectal cancer were lower than that of colon cancer,accounting for 42.0%.The standardized incidence of colon and rectal cancers were generally higher in male than in female,and the standardized incidence of colon and rectal cancer by town had significant differences.In addition,a cluster was detected by spatial scanning statistics.We also found that the age distribution of 2 clusters of colon cancer and 1 cluster of rectal cancer were statistically different from that of the remaining areas outside the circle.Conclusion The incidence of colorectal cancer in Jiading District of Shanghai showed an upward trend,and the incidence of colorectal cancer may have a tendency of spatial aggregation.The results of this study can provide reference for the prevention and resource allocation of colorectal cancer.